Chapter 14: Lead Up to Secession

What were Japan's trading policies before 1853?

Japan was a closed country, only trading with China and the Dutch from one port.

Who made the final negotiations with Japan in 1853?

Commodore Matthew Perry.

What did the Japanese call Perry's steamships?

They called them Black Dragons.

What was the significance of the Compromise of 1850?

It admitted California as a free state, allowed Utah and New Mexico territories to decide on slavery, banned the slave trade in D.C., and enacted a tougher Fugitive Slave Act.

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act do?

It divided the Nebraska territory into two states and established popular sovereignty, repealing the Missouri Compromise.

What was Bleeding Kansas?

A series of violent confrontations in Kansas between slave owners and abolitionists.

Who was John Brown and what did he do in Kansas?

John Brown believed he was called by God to defeat slavery and murdered five pro-slavery men in revenge for a raid.

What was the outcome of the Dred Scott case?

The court ruled that slaves do not have rights of citizens and the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

What was John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry?

A failed attempt to start a slave revolt by seizing an arsenal and distributing arms.

What was the Freeport Doctrine?

Douglas's response in the Lincoln-Douglas debates where he chose popular sovereignty over the Dred Scott decision.

What prompted the secession of Southern states after the election of 1860?

Lincoln's election as the first Republican president.

What was Fort Sumter's significance in the Civil War?

It was the location of the first bombardment by Confederates, marking the start of the Civil War.

Which states were considered border states during the Civil War?

Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware.