American History 2 Test

Manifest Destiny

the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

Problems with the West: Natives

- Native Americans were pushed out of their homelands and faced massive amounts of persecution,

- "kill the Indian, save the man"

Problems with the West: Bison

- We killed almost all of the Bison

- taking away Bison takes away essential resources,

- caused hostility between whites and natives because Bison were vital to NA culture

Problems with the West: Railroads

- Two Railroads being built

- conflict over who is the better worker: Irish vs. Chinese

- both faced discrimination

- Irish: drunk, no working on Sunday

- Chinese: tea, own food, long hair, sent money home, didn't contribute to American Economy

Imperialism (American Expansion)

Imperialism created an urge for the expansion of the American Frontier. American imperialism consists of policies aimed at extending the political, economic and cultural influence of the United States over areas beyond its boundaries.

Imperialism

- Alfred Mahan and Josiah Strong moved this idea forward with writings

- we dominated Latin American trade industry and other islands near America

Yellow Journalism

Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers,

- Helped push us into War with the Spanish

- propaganda tactic to sway public with false information

Immigration to America

Immigrants came to America because there were jobs, and the immigrants would work for LOWER wages than American workers would.

- Immigrants created gangs and many acts were created to restrict and reduce immigration to the states

- forced to live in awful housing, poor, hungry and social organizations formed for safety

Great Depression

(HH) , starting with collapse of the US stock market in 1929, period of worldwide economic stagnation and depression. Heavy borrowing by European nations from USA during WW1 contributed to instability in European economies. Sharp declines in income and production as buying and selling slowed down. Widespread unemployment, countries raised tariffs to protect their industries. America stopped investing in Europe. Lead to loss of confidence that economies were self adjusting, HH was blamed for it

Great Depression causes

1)United State's stock market crash of 1929. 2)Big drop in the world's economy. 3)Overproduction of goods from World War I. 4)Decrease in the need for raw materials from non industrialized nations>>>LEAD TO millions of people losing their jobs as banks and businesses closed around the world. People were homeless, Relied on government to eat.

Great Depression Impact

Unemployment led to an easier transition from civilian economy to wartime economy

- Tons of available people for enlisting/war arms manufacturing

- Plants were empty; could easily be used for war

- Able to quickly enter war unlike WWI

- famers lost a lot of business and money

- Alphabet Agencies were created which exploited

Alphabet Agencies

Government agencies that came to be known by the first initials of their names.

- TVA

- WPA

- CCC

- FDIC

TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)

New Deal program which gave electricity and jobs to rural Appalachia, including AL

WPA (Works Progress Administration)

put jobless to work building hospitals,schools, parks, and airports

CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc., improved public lands created hiking trails

FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)

an agency developed by the federal government to regulate banking and and investment activivties

Industrialization

The development of industries for the machine production of goods.

Unexpected Consequences of Industrialization

- pollution, unsafe working conditions

- crowded living areas

- poor wages and child labor

- giant monopolies were created which exploited and control mass amounts of Americas wealth

WWI

U.S initially was neutral, entered to "make the world safe for democracy" -Woodrow Wilson: isolationist

WWI-reasons for U.S. entry

Germany's return to unrestricted submarine warfare, Zimmerman note, Lusitania sinking,

1920's-"Roaring '20's' Era

- Flappers

- Automobiles become more accessible and popular in American Culture

- Sexual Freedom for Women

- Women's Right and Suffrage, women work white collar jobs: nurses and secretaries

- KKK becomes very popular: Birth of a Nation

Eugenics

the science of improving a human population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics

-Jane Adam's believed in eugenics

- only "fit" people should reproduce

Nativism

A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones

- only focuses on people born in America

- led to Chinese Exclusion Act:

Social Darwinism

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

- based on Darwin's theory of evolution

- applied to struggle between workers and employers

- many big capitalist corporations believed in this concept

Boarding Schools

Reservation schools that Native American children were sent to and became Americanized

- forced to lose their culture and language

- given white names, hair was cut and clothes were changed

Famous Inventors: Nikola Tesla

Invented the Alternating Current (AC current) for electricity.

Famous Inventors: Thomas Edison

American inventor best known for inventing the electric light bulb, (didn't really invent it) and direct current, had feud with Tesla over currents

Famous Inventors: Alexander Graham Bell

Invented the telephone and metal detector

- helped find a bullet for an attempted assassination on a president

Famous Inventors: Henry Ford

American businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents.

Teapot Dome Scandal

Scandal during the Harding administration involving the granting of oil-drilling rights on government land in return for money

Veterans Bureau Scandal

Charles R. Forbes looted $200 million in connection with building veterans' hospitals