Phylum Porifera (Sponges)

What is Phylum Porifera?

The oldest living animal (580 million years)

What trait first appears in Phylum Porifera?

First time we see multicellularity

What is Multicellularity?

The precursor for complex life

What animals falls under Phylum Porifera

Sponges

What are the three Sponge classes?

Calcera, Hexactinellida, Demospongiae

Where do Sponges Live?

Marine (ocean all levels)

What is class Calcera?

Spicules that are made of calcium carbonate

What is Class Hexactinellida

Glass Sponges

What is Class Demonspongiae

Most Diverse Sponge class, Skeletons made of Spicules and Spongin

What systems are Sponges missing?

Brains(nervous system), Respiratory, Digestive, and Circulatory Systems, and All Organs

Why are Sponges Considered the most Primitive Animal

Can survive in freezing temperatures, eat only bacteria’s and are Gemmules

What are Gemmules?

A type of replication(reproduction) made to survive cold, droughts, lack of oxygen, and changes in salt levels

What do Sponges eat?

They are Filter feeders, they eat Marine Plankton

What is Marine Plankton?

Bacteria, Archaebacteria, Algae, Protists

What are Collar cells, Choanocytes?

(#5) Specialized cells with a nucleus, collar, cell body, and a flagellum to assist with water flow.THEY FILTER THE FEEDING

What are Spicules?

(#7) Needle like structures made of Calcium Carbonate or Silicone being bonded by Protein Spongin. THEY SUPPRT THE SPONGES BODY

What is the Ostia?

(8,12) The network of pores of which water moves in and out of the Sponge. PORES WHERE WATER ENTERS THE SPONGE

What is the Osculum?

(#11) WHERE WATER EXITS THE SPONGE

What are Amoebocytes?

(#13) Absorbs and Digests the food caught by the Sponge

What are the Branches?

(B1-B6) Branches created through Budding

How does flow through the sponge

Through the Ostia, into the Spongocoel, Out the Osculum

How do Sponges Catch food?

Water flows into Ostia, Flagellum of the Collar cells catches the food, Then gets absorbed into the Amoebocytes