Fed state and Fasting State #exam

fed state (absorptive state) time

• eating, digesting, and absorbing nutrients

• last 4 hours after a meal

during absorption state, concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, and amino acids …

increase as absorbed from GI tract

blood glucose lvls maintained within

70-110 mg/dL

insulin

major regulatory hormone released during absorptive state

insulin is released by from

pancreas

stimulus of insulin

in response to increased blood glucose lvls

Insulin stimulates liver and muscle cells

to form glycogen from glucose

(glycogenesis)

insulin affects adipose tissue

• increasing uptake of triglycerides from blood

  • stimulates lipogenesis; inhibits lipolysis

Insulin stimulates cells to increase uptake of amino acids by

accelerating protein synthesis

(protein anabolism)

insulin affects how many metabolisms?

1. glucose metabolism

2. fat metabolism

3. protein metabolism

fasting state (post-absorptive state) time

between meals

during fasting state,

• body relies on stored nutrients

• body maintains homeostasis with nutrients

Glucagon

major regulatory hormone during fasting stateGlucago

Glucagon stimulus

in response to decreased blood glucose levels.

Glucagon stimulates

• liver to inc. breakdown of glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis)

• gluconeogenesis to form glucose from noncarb sources

• adipose tissue to break down triglyceride (lipolysis)

no effect on amino acids or proteins