Livy military/ historical vocab + set phrases

urbem

city, acc sing

hostes

enemies, nom/acc pl

capitolium

Capitol, nom/acc sing

arcem

citadel, acc sing

galli

Gauls

bello

war, dat/ abl sing

arma

arms, nom/ acc pl

senatus

senate, nom sing

res

affairs, nom sing/ pl or acc pl

populi

people, gen

patria

homeland

romani

Romans

castra

camp

imperium

command, rule

militum

soldiers

legati

envoys

auxilium

aid, reinforcements

signa

military standards

victoria

victory

praeda

plunder

aciem

battle line

vallo

rampart

fuga

flight

pugna

fight, battle

dictator

dictator

hostium

of the enemies

obsidio

siege

munimenta

fortifications

duces

leaders

manus

troops, hand

deditionem

surrender

proelium

battle

agmen

army, marching column

tribuni

tribunes

magistratus

magistrates

cives

citizens

fossa

ditch

defendere

to defend

consilium

plan, strategy

clades

disaster

legiones

legions

peditum

infantry

equites

cavalry

spolia

spoils

muros

walls

viri

men

imperator

commander

turris

tower

res publica

the state or republic

senatus consultum

decree of the senate

ad urbem

towards the city

arma capere

to take up arms

fuga capta

taken in flight (or captured in flight)

obsidionem parant

they prepare a siege

populus Romanus

the Roman people

imperium Romanum

Roman command/power

in acie

in the battle line

vallo circumdare

to surround with a rampart

signa ferre

to carry the standards

castra ponere

to pitch camp

urbem capere

to capture the city

foedus facere

to make a treaty

bellum gerere

to wage war