Adv Biology - 1.4 part 1 -

Give an example of a chemical messenger?

Hormones.

Where are hormones produced and how do they travel to specific tissues?

In the endocrine gland and they travel in the bloodstream.

Target tissues have receptors that are…

complementary to a specific hormone.

How do pancreatic receptors respond to high blood glucose levels?

Causing the secretion of insulin.

What does insulin do?

Brings about the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver, which decreases blood glucose concentration.

How do multicellular organisms coordinate communication?

Extracellular signalling molecules.

What are some examples of extracellular signalling molecules?

Steroid hormones, peptide hormones and neurotransmitters.

How do extracellular signalling molecules work?

They are released from one cell and travel to another tissue that has complementary receptors.

What are target cell receptors made of?

Proteins.

What are receptor molecules of target cells?

Proteins with a binding site for a specific signal molecule.

What does binding of the signal molecule do?

Binding changes the conformation of the receptor, which initiates a response within the cell.