GMO Timeline

What is genetic engineering?

A process that modifies food faster and more precisely by changing an organism's DNA.

What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

Organisms whose DNA has been altered through genetic engineering.

What was the first GMO product approved by the FDA?

Human insulin to treat diabetes.

In what decade did the first wave of GMO produce become available to consumers?

1990s.

What crops were included in the first wave of GMO produce?

Summer squash, soybeans, cotton, corn, papayas, tomatoes, potatoes, and canola.

What significant development occurred in 1953 regarding DNA?

James Watson and Francis Crick identified the structure of DNA, building on Rosalind Franklin's discoveries.

What did plant breeders learn to do in 1940?

Use radiation or chemicals to randomly change an organism's DNA.

What international organizations developed guidelines for GMO safety in 2003?

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations.

What was the first genetically engineered animal approved for human consumption by the FDA?

A genetically engineered salmon in 1973 (AquAdvantage Salmon)

What law did Congress pass in 2016 regarding GMO foods?

A law requiring labeling for some foods produced through genetic engineering, using the term 'bioengineered.'

What was the first GMO produce created through genetic engineering?

A GMO tomato, available for sale after safety evaluations (Flavr Savr tomato)

What significant policy was established in 1986 regarding biotechnology regulation?

The Coordinated Framework for the Regulation of Biotechnology

What GMO product became available to U.S. consumers in 1994?

GMO pink pineapple.

What does FDA policy state about foods from GMO plants?

They must meet the same safety standards as foods derived from traditionally bred plants.

Agencies that regulate genetically engineered organisms.

FDA, USDA, EPA