Protists and parasitic worms pt. 2

how do you get the clinical name for the disease the organisms cause

add -iasis to the end of the genus name

how do Leishmania move, how can a human acquire a Leishmania infection

flagella, getting bitten by sandflies

how do Trypanosoma move, how can a human acquire a Trypanosoma infection

flagella, when a human rubs a kissing bug’s feces into the bite wound or eye

how do Trichomonas move, how can a human acquire a Trichomonas infection

flagella, through sexual intercourse

what are the two things you need to know about Giardia cysts

1. cysts are shed in the host’s feces, 2. cysts do not cause Giardia symptoms, they are infective when ingested

what are the three things you need to know about Giardia trophozoites

1. they are most abundant in the small intestine, 2. they move by flagella, 3. they are not infective, but once they are established in a host’s intestine they cause symptoms of giardiasis

what are the three things you need to know about Entameba cysts

1. cysts are shed in the host’s feces, 2. they move by means of pseudopods, 3. while cysts do not cause entamebiasis symptoms, they are infective when ingested

what are the four things you need to know about Balantidium trophozoites

1. most abundant in the host’s small intestine, 2. move by means of cilia, 3. not infective, but once established in a host’s intestine, they cause the symptoms of balantidiasis, 4. the cyst stage of this organism is infective when ingested

what does Plasmodium cause and how can a human acquire this disease

malaria, female mosquitos transmit the protist from person to person as they feed on blood

what are the two things to know about tapeworm eggs

1. shed in the feces of the tapeworm’s definitive host, 2. sometimes encased in proglottids

where is tapeworm cysticercus larva found

in the muscle and/or viscera of the worm’s intermediate host

what do you need to know about tapeworm proglottids

gravid proglottids would be shed in the definitive host’s feces

what is the scolex of the Echinococcus adult, and who are the definitive and intermediate hosts

short end of the tapeworm, looks like a head. canids are the usual definitive host, deer and other grazing animals are the usual intermediate hosts. humans occasionally ingest Echinococcus eggs, becoming accidental intermediate hosts, resulting in a life-threatening disease due to tissue damage by the developing larvae

where are fluke eggs found and how do they get there

water, expelled in the feces of an infected definitive host

what two things do you need to know about larval fluke miracidium stage

1. they are what hatch out of the eggs, 2. they would be found swimming in water until they either die or encounter the appropriate host snail

what do you need to know about the larval fluke redia stage

they are found in the body of the appropriate host snail

what do you need to know about the larval fluke cercaria stage

they are found swimming in water after leaving the snail, stage does not last very long

what two things do you need to know about the larval fluke metacercaria stage

1. they are found on aquatic plants, 2. they will remain in this stage until they die or until a suitable definitive host eats the plants

what stage is Trichinella and how can a human become infected with this

worm’s larval stage, consuming undercooked pork or sometimes bear meat

what are Necators also known as, where are they found on earth, where are they found in the body, what can a heavy infestation cause

hookworms, historically common in the American South, others are found in the tropics and subtropics, live attached by their mouthparts to the human intestinal wall, anemia

what are Enterobius also known as, where are they found in the body, how can humans become infected with them, and what are the symptoms

pinworms, live in the human colon, emerging at night onto the perianal skin to mate and lay eggs, ingesting the eggs, perianal itching and discomfort