ADW Terms of Engagement

Environmental Justice

a social movement and principle advocating for the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, in the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies

Examples of Environmental Justice

“Taking Root: The Vision of Wangari Maathai”, “Environmental Justice for All” by Robert D. Bullard, “Principles of Environment Justice”, “Some Questions of Development” by Walter Rodney, “Discourse on Colonialism” by Aimé Césaire

Colonialism

the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically

Examples of Colonialism

“Discourse on Colonialism” by Aimé Césaire, King Leopold’s Ghost film, Concerning Violence film, “Nervous Conditions” by Tsitsi Dangarembga, “Class Struggle in Africa” by Kwame Nkrumah, “Some Questions for Development” by Walter Rodney, “Berlin Conference” Text

Ecofeminism

a political and intellectual movement that combines feminism and environmentalism, arguing that the oppression of women and the destruction of nature are interconnected and rooted in patriarchal structures

Examples of Ecofeminism

“Taking root: The vision of wangari maathai” & article on ecofeminism

Industrial Democracy

arrangements where workers share in the responsibility and authority for making business decisions, often involving participation rights in the governance of employment relationships; a system where workers and employees share responsibility and decision-making in the workplace

Examples of Industrial Democracy

“The Narrative of Hosea Hudson” by Nell Irvin Painter, “Letter from Birmingham Jail” by MLK Jr., “What we Want What We believe” 1966 Black Panther Party Platform

examples of art as resistance/a political statement

Fire!!, Yinka Shonibare, “La Balada de Los abuleos” & “Tengo” by Nicolás Guillén

Color Line

a set of societal or legal barriers that segregates people of color from white people

examples of color line

“Worlds of Color” by W.E.B. DuBois

Pan-Africanism

a movement that seeks to unite people of African descent around the world; unite Africans and people of African descent

Examples of Pan-Africanism

“Worlds of Color” by W.E.B DuBois, Lumumba film, “Intro to Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey” by Hollis Lynch, “Philosophy and Opinions” excerpts by: Amy Jacques-Garvey, “Efflorescence” by Michael Gomez, “Pan-Afrcanism, Negritude, and the Currency of Blackness” by Darien J. Davis & Judith Michelle Williams, “Movement People” by Michael Gomez, “What Life Has Taught Me” by Haile Selassie

Underdevelopment

the exploitation of a “underdeveloped” country(s) by “developed” countries

Examples of Underdevelopment

“Some Questions of Development” by Walter Rodney

Development

countries that exploit underdeveloped nations

Examples of Development

“What Life Has Taught Me” by Haile Selassie, King Leopold’s Ghost film

Resistance

the refusal to accept or comply with something; the attempt to prevent something by action or argument

Examples of Resistance

-Yinka Shonibare

-King Leopold’s Ghost film

-“Philosophy and Opinions excerpts” by Amy Jacques-Garvey

-Fire!!

-“La balada de los abuelos” & “Tengo” by Nicolás Guillén

-“Excerpts from Négritude: Black Poetry” by Norman Shapiro

-Flame film

-“Principles of Environmental Justice”

-Afro-Latin and Black Land Rights (Youtube)

-“Movement People” by Michael Gomez

-“Black Power” by Stokely Carmichael and Charles Hamilton

-”Letter from Birmingham Jail” by MLK Jr.

-”What Life has Taught me” by Haile Selassie

-”You’ve Struck a Rock” by M. Bahati Kuumba

-”Black Women Activists and SNCC” by Cynthia Griggs Fleming

-Foot Soliders Class of 1964 film

-1966 Black Panther Party Platform

Resilience

the ability to withstand, adapt to, and bounce back from adversity and difficult situations

Examples of Resilience

Flame film, “Taking Root: The Vision of Wangari Maathai”, “You’ve Struck a Rock” by M. Bahati Kuumba, “We’re on our way” by Fannie Lou Hamer, Foot Soldiers Film, “comrade sisters” by Ericka Huggins, “The Combahee River collective—”A Black Feminist Statement”

Négritude

anti-colonial cultural and political movement founded by a group of African and Caribbean students in Paris in the 1930s who sought to reclaim the value of blackness and African culture

Examples of Négritude

“Discourse on Colonialism” by Aimé Césaire, “Pan-Africanism, Négritude, and the Currency of Blackness” by Darien J. Davis and Judith Michelle Williams, “Excerpts from Negritude: Black Poetry” by Norman Shapiro

Negrismo

a literary and cultural movement in the early 20th century that celebrated African heritage and Afro-Hispanic Identity

Examples of Negrismo

“La Balada de Los Abuelos” and “tengo” by Nicolás Guillén

Garveyism

a poltical and racial doctrine in the 20th century that promoted Black separation and self-governing nations in Africa

Examples of Garveyism

“Intro to Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey, “Philosophy and Opinions excerpts” by Amy Jacques-Garvey

Chauvinism

the belief that one’s own group, whether it be one’s country, gender, race, or religion, is superior to others

Examples of Chauvinism

King Leopold’s Ghost film?

Imperialism

a powerful country takes over another country to gain resources and more power; the policy, practice, or advocacy of extending a nation’s power and dominion, often through territorial acquisition or political and economic control over other areas, frequently involving military force or economic dominance

Examples of Imperialism

Scramble for Africa, King Leopold’s Ghost film, “Some Questions of Development” by Walter Rodney, “Discourse on Colonialism” by Aimé Cesaire, The Upright Man film

Decolonization

the process of ending colonialism (when a nation takes control of another nation’s land, people, and culture)

Examples of Decolonization

“Discourse on Colonialism” by Aime Cesaire, Lumumba film, “Excerpts from Negritude: Black Poetry” by Norman Shapiro, Concerning Violence Film

New Negro Movement

a cultural and intellectual movement in the 1920s that promoted racial pride, civil rights, and economic independence for African Americans

Examples of the New Negro Movement

“Efflorescence” by Michael Gomez, Fire!!

Harlem Renaissance

a vibrant cultural and artistic movement centered in Harlem, NYC, from 1910-mid 1930s; period of intense creative expression from black artists and marked a significant period of black cultural pride and recognition

Examples of the Harlem Renaissance

Fire!!, “Efflorescence” by Michael Gomez

Caste System/ Social Classes

a rigid social hierarchy where individuals are born into a specfic group (caste/social class) that defines their social status, occupation, and opportunities throughout their lives; peasants, proletariat (working class), petty bourgeoisie (farmers, landing owning, etc.), bourgeoisie, traditional rulers

Examples of Caste System/ Social Classes

“Class Struggle in Africa” by Kwame Nkrumah, “Nervous Conditions” by Tsitsi Dangarembga, “An End to the Neglect of the Problem of the Negro Woman” by Claudia Jones

Marxism

a set of social, political and economic theories developed by Karl Marx that formed the basis of socialist principles

Examples of Marxism

“Discourse on Colonialism” Aime Cesaire, “Class Struggle in Africa” Kwame Nkrumah, The Upright Man film, “An End to the Neglect of the Problem of the Negro Woman” Claudia Jones, Concerning Violence Film, “A Black Feminist Statement” The Combahee River Collective

Socialism

a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole; common ownership/public ownership/public investment

Examples of Socialism

Class Struggle in Africa” Kwame Nkrumah, “The Narrative of Hosea Hudson” Nell Irvin Painter, “Movement People” Michael Gomez

Communism

a socio-economic and political ideology advocating for a stateless, classless society where the means of production are owned communally and resources are distributed based on need, rather than individual contribution

Examples of Communism

“The Narrative of Hosea Hudson” Nell Irvin Painter

Neocolonialism

the continued influence of foreign political powers even after countries gave independence; the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies

Examples of Neocolonialism

“Some Questions of Development” Walter Rodney, Lumumba Film, Afro-Latin and Black Land Rights (Youtube), “Not Just an American Problem, But A World Problem” Malcolm X

Feudalism

deals with the ownership of land by the king and then the peasants who work the land; a class system; led to captialism capitalism

Transnationalism

the flow of people, ideas, and goods across national borders; encouraged dialogue across national borders and transcended language and cultural differences

Examples of Transnationalism

Yinka Shonibare, “Worlds of Color” WEB DuBois, “Pan-Africanism, Negritude, and the Currency of Blackness” Darien J Davis & Judith Michelle Williams, “La balada de los abuelos” & “Tengo” by Nicolas Guillen, “Not Just an American Problem, But A World Problem” Malcolm X

Double-Consciousness

the feeling of having to simultaneously consider one’s own identity and how others perceive them, within the context of racialized societies

Examples of Double-Consciousness

“worlds of color” WEB DuBois, Fire!!, “Efflorescence” Michael Gomez, “Nervous Conditions” Tsitsi Dangarembga

Black Power

a movement in support of rights and political power for black people, prominent in the Us in the 1960s-1970s

Examples of Black Power

“Intro to Philosophy and the Opinions of Marcus Garvey” Hollis Lynch, “Black Power” Stokely Carmichael and Charles Hamilton, “Not Just an American Problem” Malcolm X, “We’re on Our Way” by Fannie Lou Hamer

Black Feminism

a movement and field o study that addresses the specific forms of oppression experienced by black women with the intersection of racism, sexism, and classism

Examples of Black Feminism

“An End to the Neglect of the Problem of the Negro Woman” Claudia Jones, “Nervous Conditions” Tsitsi Dangarembga, Flame film, Article on Ecofeminism, “You’ve Struck a Rock” M. Bahati Kuumba, “Black Women and SNCC” Cynthia Griggs Fleming, “comrade sisters” Ericka huggins, “Women’s and Gay Liberation” Huey Newton, “A Black Feminist Statement” The combahee river collective

Fanny Lou Hamer