Honors Biology II - 1.8 & 1.9

quantitative data

numerical measurements and counting

qualitative

descriptions, observed not measured

inductive reasoning

collecting and analyzing observations can lead to conclusions based on a type of logic ex. All organisms are made of cells.

deductive reasoning

logical flow from general premises to the specific results we should expect if the premises are true. ex. If all organisms are made of cells, and humans are organisms, then humans are composed of cells.

hypothesis

a proposed explanation for a set of observations

Theories have much narrower scopes than hypotheses.

false

Why must theories be broad and general.

They must be general enough to generate many new, specific hypotheses that can be tested

What are theories supported by?

Large and growing bodies of evidence

first step of scientific method

ask a question

second step of scientific method

do research

third step of scientific method

formulate a hypothesis

fourth step of scientific method

test hypothesis ex. research, field-base study investigation, field-base, investigation, models, collecting/comparing specimens, controlled experiment

fifth step of scientific method

collect & analyze data ex. record observations & graphing results

sixth step of scientific method

Draw conclusions

seventh step of scientific method

Reports results ex. peer review & journal publication