Studied by 3 people
how did stalin expand the SU in eastern europe
set up satellite states to create a buffer zone and stop US imperialism
how did stalin set up satellite states
Soviet amry stationed in large parts of EE, ensured communist politicians had main role in gov, politicians manipulated elections, communist parties merged together
first step in taking over EE
take over poland, free elections in 1945, allowed london poles to return, more free elections in 1947 but used intimidation to ensure communist victory, london poles executed
second step in take over of EE
take over of Bulgaria and Romania, red army swept in and set up communist govs in 1944
what happened in Romania
feb 1945, soviet politician ordered king to appoint new PM appointed by stalin, communists in charge, free elections allowed full control, monarchy abolished in 1947
what happened in Bulgaria
elections held in nov 1945, rigged and communists won, sept 1946 communists abolished all other parties and executed anyone opposing
step 3 of take over
take over of Hungary and Czechoslovakia
what happened n Hungary
free elections in Nov 1945, non- communists won, elections in august 1947 and communists won, nov all non-communist parties banned
what happened in Czechoslovakia
joined gov of non-communists and communists, free elections in 1946 communists got 38% of votes, elections in may 1948 but comm scared cause might loose, used force to seize power, rigged elections and won
how did USA react to take over
USA moved away from isolationism and built up its own group of pro-american states that included the worlds richest industrialised states
what was the iron curtain speech
written by churchill, talked about divide between east and west and called for an American-British alliace to meet communist menace
stalin response to churchill
made a fierce speech accusing churchill and friends in US of being warmongers and comparing them to hitler
what was the crisis of 1947
economic crisis in western europe, discontent made people turn to communism, USA realised unless things improved possibility communism comes to power, feb 1947 britian cannot help troops in greece and turkey so america took over
truman doctirine
world had a choice between communsim and democratic freedom, USA had to fight for liberty when threatened, communism had to be contained, USA would send financial aid to gov threatened by comm
consequences of truman doctrine
announced USA would play part in politics, world was now divided by ideology, end of grand alliance beginning of cold war, successful in greece and turkey
aim of marshall plan
beat communism using military strength and economic assistance to strengthen europe
consequences of marshall plan
june 1947 USA announced it would offer help to western countires, stalin refused, western germany accepted this angered Soviet authorities, great success
how did the marshall plan USA
rebuild Europe, created wealthy trade partners who would want to buy american goods
what was the long telegram?
Written by George Kennan USA ambassador in Moscow
Soviets were paranoid about the outside world destroying communism
Stalin wanted to destroy capitalism
Communism was inherently expansionist
22 Feb 1946
Iron Curtain Speech
Winston Churchill
5 March 1946
Spoke in the USA , missouri warning about the divide in europe between communism / capitalism and west / east
Change in USA foreign Policy :
went from isolationism (not getting involved in other countries affairs) to containment (limiting communism in other countries)
Truman Doctrine
12 March 1947 President Truman gave speech to congress
claiming wherever there was a struggle between communism and capitalism (democracy) he would aid democracy.
Marshall Plan
between 1948 and 1952 USA gave 13.7 billion dollors
(Britain recieved ¼ of aid
other countries : west germany, turkey, greece , italy , austia , france
Dollar imperialism
To stalin , the USA was trying to extend control over Europe.
Dividing europe economically in two .
USA trying to establish an economic empire
Cominform
22 Sept 1947
collection of stalins communist satellite states
rejected marshall aid
Comecon
25 January 1949 , response to Marshall aid plan to help communist countries so they are not tempted by the USA trade
Members : Soviet Union , Hungary, Poland , Romania.
