Lecture Notes on 19th Century American History

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts discussed in the lecture notes, focusing on developments in 19th century American history, including infrastructure, social movements, and political changes.

Infrastructure

The underlying physical structures and facilities such as roads, bridges, and canals required for the operation of a society.

Steamboats

Boats powered by steam engines that revolutionized transportation by allowing goods to travel faster along rivers.

Textile factories

Factories dedicated to the production of fabrics and textiles, often employing young women in the 19th century.

Banking system

The system of financial institutions that manage monetary transactions, loans, and credit in an economy.

Tariff of Abominations

A highly controversial tariff passed in 1828 that placed steep duties on imported goods, causing discontent among southern states.

Nullification

The theory that states have the right to nullify, or invalidate, any federal law deemed unconstitutional.

Trail of Tears

The forced relocation of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands, leading to significant suffering and death.

Second Great Awakening

A Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century that emphasized personal salvation and social reform.

Abolitionism

The movement to end slavery and emancipate enslaved people in the United States.

Public School Systems

Structured educational systems established to provide education to children, including increasing involvement of female teachers.

American Temperance Society

An organization founded in the early 19th century aimed at promoting the reduction or banning of alcohol consumption.

Gag Rule

A rule restricting debate or discussion on a particular issue, notably the issue of slavery in Congress.