Protocol Stacks: OSI & TCP/IP

A series of flashcards summarizing key concepts from the lecture on Protocol Stacks, including both OSI and TCP/IP models, their layers, processes of data encapsulation and decapsulation, and their real-world applications.

What are protocol stacks used for in networking?

They ensure devices speak the same language and facilitate standardized communication.

What analogy is used to explain the concept of protocol stacks?

A postal service analogy, where communication is akin to sending and receiving letters.

What does the OSI Model consist of?

The OSI Model consists of 7 layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

What is the function of the Physical Layer in the OSI Model?

The Physical Layer handles media, signal, and binary transmission.

What does the Data Link Layer do?

The Data Link Layer provides local delivery and manages MAC addressing.

What does the Network Layer focus on?

The Network Layer is responsible for addressing and routing data.

What is the purpose of the Transport Layer?

The Transport Layer provides end-to-end delivery of data.

What is managed by the Session Layer?

The Session Layer manages sessions for communication between hosts.

What functionality does the Presentation Layer provide?

The Presentation Layer formats and encrypts data for transmission.

What is the role of the Application Layer?

The Application Layer deals with user applications and interfaces.

What is data encapsulation?

Data encapsulation is the process of wrapping data with headers as it moves down the protocol stack.

What happens during data decapsulation?

Data decapsulation involves removing headers at the receiving end as data moves up the stack.

How many layers does the TCP/IP Model have?

The TCP/IP Model has 4 layers: Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Access.

What is the real-world application of Email in the TCP/IP model?

Email utilizes SMTP for the application layer, TCP for transport, IP for the internet, and Ethernet for network access.

Explain the analogy used for the Transport Layer?

The Transport Layer is compared to courier trucks that ensure end-to-end delivery of data.