The periodic table

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Basic terms and trends for the period table

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8 Terms

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Atomic radius

Radius of an atom

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Nuclear charge

Strength of the pull of the positive nucleus

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Effective nuclear charge

Strength of the pull of the positive nucleus on its own electrons.

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Electron shielding

Full electron shells shield the nucleus’ positive charge from valence shell electrons. It reduces the pull of the nucleus that the valence electrons feel.

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Ionisation energy

Amount of energy required to remove an electron

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First ionisation energy

How much energy is required to remove a single valence electron.

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Electron affinity

Energy change that occurs when electrons are added to elements.

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Electronegativity

Nucleus’s pull on the electrons in a chemical bond.