Ch. 4 I.T. fundementals slides

How does a file server differ from a database server?

• A file server does not perform computational tasks, and does not run programs on behalf of its clients

• A database server provides database services to other computer programs

• A file server provides shared storage of computer files that can be accessed remotely

What is Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)?

• Provides virtual desktops to potentially thousands of users

• Reduces desktop management overhead

• Allows users to access desktops from anywhere

• Offers increased security 

Virtualization

• An emulation of a computer system

• Built-in feature of some OS

• Allows multiple instances of an OS to run simultaneously on a single computer

• Allows Virtual machines to be backed up and restored easily

• To make computer resources more efficient

What is a potential con of using virtual machines?

VMs may share resources and not perform as well as physical machines

Operating System

• Software

• Manages computer hardware and software resources

• Provides an intermediary between programs and hardware

Active Directory

• Provides a centralized domain management

• Maintains a directory of networks resources

• Provides an intermediary between programs and hardware

• Domain Controller

What is the purpose of a kernel in an OS?

• Manages memory access for programs in the RAM

• Provides the most basic level of control over all of the computer’s hardware devices

• Memory access for programs and hardware devices

How does Virtualization allow multiple instances of an OS to run simultaneously on a single computer

Through the use of Hypervisors

What does DHCP stand for?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

What does DNS do?

Maps friendly names to IP addresses

What does a Database server do 

Provides database services to other computer programs

What does a file server do?

Provides shared storage of computer files that can be accessed remotely over a computer network

What is the function of group policy in active directory?

Provides centralized management and configuration of OS applications, and users’ settings

 Firewall

• Monitors and controls incoming and outgoing based on predetermined security rules

• Establishes a barrier between a trusted network and untrusted network 

• Improves the distribution of workloads across multiple computing resources

What is the most commonly OS

Windows

SQL

Standard programming language used to access and manage database

Features of OS

• Modes

• Multi-tasking

• Memory management

RBAC stand for

Role-Based Access Control

Main services provided y by a typical server OS

• File Services

• Data resiliency 

• High Availability

BSoD Stand for

Blue Screen of Death

CLI stand for

Command Line Interface

Advantages of Virtualization

Easily be backed-up and restored

Differences between a server OS and a Desktop

Server OS is multi-user while desktop OS is typically single user

Purpose of DHCP in a network

Assign unique Ip Address from a pool

What is an example of a Mainframe OS?

OS/360

Ex. of multi-user OS?

• Windows Server 2012

• Linux

• MacOS

2 types of OS based on the number of users that they can service?

• Microcomputer

• Mainframe

What type of CLI access is still available in most cases?

Text-Based

What is a Type 1 Hypervisor

A built-in virtualization feature

What is multitasking in OS?

CPU scheduling

GUI

The interface used to interact with computers through graphical icons and visual indicators

Most popular Database-management system (DBMS) that is an open source?

MySQL

What is the purpose of Device Drivers in an OS?

Software developed to allow interaction with hardware devices

What are popular type 1 Hypervisors?

• VMware ESXI

• Citrix XenServer

• Microsoft Hyper-V