Engines 1

What 3 hints do engines need to create thrust?

Fuel, Oxygen, Heat

Boyle’s law

Pv = Constant

Pressure and Temperature are _________

Proportional

Charles Law

V/T = Constant

Combined (Noble) Gas Law

PV/T = Constant

Density and Volume are _________ __________

Inversely Proportional

Avogradro’s Principle

Water vapour has less mass than air, an increase in humidity lowers the density

Energy is always ____ when transferred

Lost

Heat of combustion is spread due to _________ and __________

Convection, conduction

Newtons First law

An object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by another force

Newtons Second Law

Force is proportional to acceleration with a given mass (F=MA)

Newtons Third Law

For every action, there is a complete and opposite reaction

A Newton

Force required to accelerate a 1kg mass to 1m/s² in 1 second

Gravitational Acceleration on earth

9.81 m/s²

Inertia

Objects resistance to a change of motion

Momentum Formula

Mass x Velocity

Work Formula

Force x Distance

Power formula’s

Work done / Time

Indicated Horsepower Formula, Units, and meaning

PLANC/33,000 (ft lbs/min). P = Indicated Mean Effective Pressure, L = Length of stroke, A = Area of piston crown, N = Number of power strokes per minute, C = Number of Cylinders

1 Horsepower =

746 Watts

Brake Horsepower meaning

Power used to overcome friction and resistance

Brake Horsepower

Indicated Horsepower - Friction Horsepower (IHP - FHP)

Thrust Horsepower

The horsepower delivered by an engine

Torque

A twisting force

Torque formula

Force x arm

Acceleration of air

Velocity of Jet out - Velocity of Air in (Vj - Va)

Thrust formula

Air mass x (Vj - Va) / Time