HOSA Review: Dental Science

The individual responsible for inventing the dental chairs

Josiah Flagg

The individual responsible for discovering x-rays

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

This individual perfected several dental treatments still used today, and developed step-by-step procedures for dental treatments. Referred to as "the founder of dentistry".

Pierre Fauchard

Who was the first woman to graduate from dental school?

Lucy Beeman Hobbs (Ohio College of Dental Surgery in 1866)

The specialty concerned with diagnosing and treating the diseases of the supporting and surrounding tissues of the tooth

Periodontics

The specialty concerned with the pathology and morphology of the dental pulp and surrounding tissues

Endodontics

What are the three channels of communication?

1.) Auditory (hearing or listening)

2.) Visual (observing, seeing)

3.) Kinesthetic (caring touch)

One of the most observed and critical components of nonverbal communication

Facial expression

Ethical Behavior

The ability to distinguish right from wrong

The sticky mass that grows on teeth and contains bacteria

Plaque

What motion should you use while flossing between two teeth?

Sawing

What type of fluoride comes in gels, rinses, and foams.

Topical Fluroide

Interdental aids

Help in cleaning between the teeth and stimulating the gingival tissue (Ex: interproximal brush, wooden dental stimulator, floss threader)

What should oral hygiene goals be based upon?

The patient's age, the patient's knowledge of oral hygiene, and the patient's skill level in approving oral hygiene.

Vitamin that is produced in the body when the body is exposed to the sun

Vitamin D

What vitamins are excreted by the body daily?

B complex & Vitamin C

In what year did the USDA first develop guide to a balanced diet?

1992

Found in the thyroid gland and regulates metabolism of the body

Iodine

The study of the structure of the body

Anatomy

System responsible for the processing of the food we take in to sustain life

Digestive System

System that relays messages from the brain to the body systems and back again

Nervous System

Divides the body into left and right halves

Sagittal Plane

Skeleton that consists of the bones of the cranium, face, spinal column, ribs, and sternum.

Axial Skeleton

A term that relates to bone

Osseous

What make up gastric juices?

Pepsin & Hydrochloric Acid

Another name for the windpipe

Trachea

A term referring to the back of the body or area of the body

Posterior

When assisting with dental procedures, the dental assistant uses his/her lower back and neck, putting stress and strain on the __________ system.

Muscular

Excess bone formations that form on the lingual of the mandible

Torus Mandibularis

What bone does the mandible articulate with?

Temporal Bone

Provides nourishment and lubrication in the TMJ

Synovial fluid

Another name for the articular disc in the TMJ

Meniscus

Muscle that forms the floor of the mouth

Myohyoid

Branches of the maxillary nerve include:

Infraorbital, pterygopalatine, and zygomatic nerves

When the cells begin to outline the future shape of the developing tooth

Morphodifferentiation

Cementum-forming cells

Cementoblasts

What happens when a primary tooth is loosened?

The roots evanesce or dissolve

The thin covering over enamel on newly erupted primary teeth, which may stain very easily

Nasmyth's membrane

Peritubular Dentin

Creates the wall of the dentinal tubule

Primary Dentin

Formed before the completion of the apical foramen and forms the bulk of the tooth

Alveolar Crest

The area where two cortical plates come together between two teeth

Interradicular Septum

In multirooted teeth, the area of bone between the roots

Periodontal Ligaments

Secure the tooth into the socket by a number of organized fiber groups

What happens during week 7 of fetal development?

The palate and tongue form

How many teeth are there in each arch in the deciduous dentition?

10 teeth

Lingual Surface

The tooth surface that is on the tongue side

Transverse Ridge

The union of two triangular ridges that produces one ridge across the occlusal surface

Triangular Ridge

An elevation of enamel that descends from the cusp into the middle area of the occlusal surface

Often called the "cornerstone of the mouth"

Cuspids

What is the smallest permanent tooth in the dentition?

Mandibular Central

What does the "contact" of the tooth refer to?

Where the proximal side of two teeth come together and touch

Who is the "father of microbiology"?

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Proved bacteria is the cause of some diseases

Robert Koch

The group(s) of microorganisms that are of importance to dentistry is/are

Bacteria & Viruses

If bacteria is in warm, dark, and moist areas what will happen?

They will divide every 20 minutes

Aerobic Bacteria

Must have oxygen to live and grow

Another name for protozoa

Amoeba

Candidiasis & Thrush

Thick, white, raised patches in the mouth

Smallest microorganism

Virus

How long can the hepatitis B virus live on a dry surface?

14 days

Varicella-Zoster Virus

Responsible for chickenpox

What causes the common cold and flu?

A virus

Herpes simplex virus 1

Affects the lips and mouth

After people have had a disease...

They develop natural acquired immunity to that disease

The route of transmission of a microorganism by a contaminated instrument

Indirect contact

Group of fungal infections characterized as white patches of the fingernail

Tinea unguium

TSEs

Rare microorganisms; deady (affect brain tissue)

Latent

A slow-growing virus that may be suppressed or dormant for a period of time

Exhibits signs of rapidly progressing dementia, memory loss, and speech impairment

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease

Antimicrobial means...

Growth inhibitor

What is the glove of choice for working chairside?

Latex glove

Sodium Hypochlorite

Irritating to the eyes and skin, corrosive to metals, and unstable and must be mixed daily

After instruments have been removed from the ultrasonic cleaner they should be _______ and __________.

Rinsed & Dried

Heated Ethylene Oxide Sterilization Method

Requires 120 degrees for 2 to 3 hours to sterilize

Failure of complete sterilization in an autoclave could result from...

Overloading the chamber, improper wrapping of instruments, and improper setting of time and temperature

BSI

A system that requires that PPE be worn to protect against contant with all bodily fluids

Ultrasonic Cleaner

A cleaning device that uses a cavitation process to clean debris from the instruments.

Used to ensure bags are not overfilled and sterilizers are not overpacked

Sterilization indicators

Rooms and equipment that are often overlooked for disinfecting include

Radiography room, radiography processing equipment, and the dental laboratory

MSDS is mandated by who?

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

OPIM

Other potentially infectious material

The criteria for a sharps container include:

-Leakproof

-Puncture resistant

-Labeled

How long must an employer maintain employee records on exposures and other medical records?

The duration of employment plus 30 years

How should any broken glass be cleaned up?

Using a broom and dustpan

Before being sent offsite for cleaning, laundry must be placed in a ____________.

Biohazard bag

Assembled MSDSs should be...

Alphebetized, indexed, and available to all employees.

The color blue on a warning label indicates

Health Hazard

What shape is the chemical warning label?

Diamond shaped

The patient must sign and date the ________.

Medical history form

Basic Vital Signs include:

-Respiration rate

-Pulse rate

-Body temperature

-Blood pressure

An abnormally slow resting pulse

Bradycardia

Sphygmomanometer

Instrument used to control the flow of blood in the artery; used to measure blood pressure

The charting symbol for caries

Outline filled in red

What is a side effect?

An unintended result that is caused by a drug

Sublinguals

Drugs that must be placed under the tongue to dissolve

Halitosis

Bad breathe

Cirrhosis

Deterioration of the liver

Barbiturates

Drugs that depress brain activity

What may be given to treat oral thrush?

Nystatin

How can alcohol affect the body process?

Acting as a depressant