PERIO Kasies quizlet modified

1. Gingiva

2. Cementum

3. Periodontal ligament

4. Alveolar bone

gingiva

mucosa that surrounds cervical portions of teeth and covers alveolar process

incisor and molar regions

Attached gingiva is widest in what regions?

premolar regions

Attached gingiva is narrowest in what region?

palate

What area is the attached gingiva is NOT measured because it is difficult to distinguish it from the mucosa.
all the same color and you can't pull it to see it better like you can pull the cheeks

attached and interdental

What gingiva is stippled

root cementum

does NOT have its own blood or nutrient supply

sharpeys fibers

the terminal endings of periodontal ligament fibers that attach to cementum.

Five functions of PDL (periodontal ligament)

1. Supportive - maintains the tooth in the socket

2. Sensory - provides pressure and pain sensation

3. Nutritive - supplies nutrients to cementum and bone

4. Formative - provides cementoblasts and osteoblasts

5. Remodeling - remodels alveolar bone in response to pressure

basal lamina

A thin mat that underlies the epithelium

epithelial cells are considered avascular, where do they get oxygen and nutrients?

from the underlying connective tissue by diffusion

epithelial tissue

Enamel is derived from what type of tissue?

rete pegs

Epithelial ridges

Desmosomes

connect epithelial cells to each other. (holding hands)

Hemidesmosomes

connect epithelial cells to the basal lamina (touching table)

pregnancy associated gingivitis

An exaggerated inflammatory response from hormones; usually occurring during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy

Gingivitis/ gingival changes

Blood dyscrasia (leukemia) can cause what early oral finding? (first clinical signs)

infants, institutionalized elderly, and alcoholics

groups of people most at risk for Plaque-induced gingival disease modified by malnutrition?

marginal gingiva

not attached- can never be stippled, it is smooth in health

Hereditary Gingival fibromatosis

A rare, benign, hereditary enlargement of attached gingiva (very fibrotic tissue)

What is the key clinical feature of necrotizing periodontal disease (gingivitis stage)?

Ulcerated and necrotic papillae and gingival margins (punched-out or cratered appearance).

candidiasis (thrush)

What is the most common fungal infection of the oral cavity?

cinnamon and carvone

Which two flavor additives can cause allergic reactions of the gingiva?

erythema multiforme

Large symmetrical “target-like” red blotches all over the skin

lichen planus

Lacy white patches in the oral cavity are characteristic of what condition?

Neoplasms

can be premalignant or malignant

periodontitis

Whats the number 1 cause of tooth loss in adults?

pain or no pain with perio

no pain

interproximals with heavy deposits

Rapidly progressing disease occurs more frequently here

when is someone considered to have periodontitis

When there is interdental clinical attachment loss detectable at two or more nonadjacent teeth.

Can attachment loss be caused by anything other than periodontitis?

no, nothing other than periodontitis can cause this

furcation involvement

class III and IV are the only classes to involve this

???True (they have all the same measurements)

???True or false: the only difference between a class III and IV periodontitis is that class IV has either mobility, masticatory dysfunction (biting issues ), or less than 20 teeth remaining.

bone loss

Periodontitis "grade" is based on indirect evidence on assessment of

What are the 3 stages of necrotizing periodontal disease?

Necrotizing gingivitis

Necrotizing periodontitis

Necrotizing stomatitis (most severe, most rare)

Risk factors for necrotizing periodontal disease

• Young adults (age 22-24)

• Often college-aged

• Common in industrialized countries

• Often Caucasian

• Smokers

• People under high stress

• People not sleeping well

• Poor nutrition / low protein intake

• Alcohol users

• Poor oral hygiene

• Pre-existing gingivitis

Why do people get necrotizing periodontal disease?

develops due to compromised immune response combined with plaque-induced inflammation

abutment

Which implant component protrudes partially or fully through the gingival tissue?

Why is titanium used for dental implants?

Because it is biocompatible and will not be rejected by the body.

A—implant body

B—abutment

C—crown or prosthesis

D—screw

biologic seal

At the implant-to-epithelial tissue interface, the epithelium adapts to the titanium abutment post

why is the implant-to-connective tissue interface different than natural teeth

gingival fibers and PDL cannot insert into titanium

peri-implantitis

Which peri-implant condition involves bone loss?

Peri-implant mucositis

implant site shows bleeding on probing but no radiographic bone loss

peri-implant mucositis

gingivitis in an implant is called

peri-implantitis

periodontitis in an implant is called

final stages of disease

When does implant mobility occur in peri-implantitis?

instruments recommended for implant maintenance

titanium instruments, others can scratch or groove the implant surface, increasing biofilm retention and disturbing the biocompatible coating

residual cement

retained material, common risk factor for implant failure