Crusades Extension Q2

Three Areas of Debate

1. Origins - what triggered Crusades

2. Motivations - why individuals joined Crusades

3. Impacts - effect on trade culture, political structure, long term Muslim-Christian relations etc

Religious historian and example

Focus on spiritual + religious aspects on Crusades eg: Jonathan Riley Smith

Secular historian and example

studies history from non-religious perspectives, does not rely on religious beliefs or interpretations eg: Gibbon

colonialist historian and example

Often writes from perspective of colonising power w/ little regard for impacts on colonised eg: Archer and Kingsford

post-colonialist historian and example

examines the historical, social and cultural impacts of colonisation, often focusing on power dynamics, cultural identity and resistance movements eg: ????

Clerical historian and example

focuses on the history of religious institutions and leader (like clergy men - formal leaders in established religions) eg: A&K

Anti-clerical historian

Focuses on the opposition to the clergy and religious institutions eg: Gibbon

Structuralist historian

Focuses on broader social, political and economic structures, focused on underlying systems that impacts how society ran historically eg: ??????

Traditionalist historian and example

Tend to interpret the Crusades in a way that emphasise the religious origins, motivations, and impacts of Crusades eg: Gibbon

Pluralist historian

Looks beyond religious reasons to take a more nuanced and multifaceted approach to - economic, cultural, globalist, political, social eg: JR Smith

Revisionist historian and examples

One who reinterprets historical perspectives and challenges traditional views. Eg: Madden