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BSMT1-L1, SLOBINGUAR | Contents: Lab safety rules, system of measurement, parts of bunsen burner, matter, separation techniques, lab instruments, combustion
Solids
In handling, scooping, or pouring from their containers, they should be shaken or loosen first
Bottle caps
These should be placed upside down on the desk or held in between fingers when not in use to prevent contamination
Stirring rod and funnel
These can be used to transfer liquids from containers that does not have spout to direct their flow
Bumping
The sudden release of vapor caused by over-heating
Anti-bumping granules
Aside from stirring rods or broken ceramic, these pieces of chips can be placed in liquids to avoid bumping
Test tubes
These should be moved up and down while heating to avoid bumping
Colored liquids
When measuring their volume, you should read right at the upper meniscus
Clear liquids
When measuring their volume, you should read right at the lower meniscus
Eye level
When measuring volume, this is how you should read the result
Aspirator
A rubber apparatus that is used to suction liquids with a pipette
Index finger
The finger that is used to cover the tip of the pipet to hold or release liquids
Contamination
This is what is lessened when you dont let the tip of the pipette touch the bottom of the container
Shake
This is what you should not do to a pipette to get its last drop
Clean
You should make sure that your plate or pan is ____ before using scales
Zero adjust knob
This is what you should focus on when you want to obtain zero reading
Poise
These should be adjusted to zero before using scales
Pointer or beam
This should swing to zero on the center mark
Weighing containers
These are what you should use along with the scale when you want to measure weight
Thermometer
A device that measure temperature
Mercury thermometer
A thermometer with a silver tip
Alcohol thermometer
A thermometer with a red tip
Dilution
A process that turns a concentrated liquid into a less concentrated one
3AW
A rule that should be strictly followed when doing an acid dilution
Water
This is a solvent that should not be added to acids to prevent unwanted reactions
Sedimentation
A process of allowing particles in the water to settle out of the suspension due to gravity
Sediment
A product obtained after letting mixtures settle down
Decantation
A process that separates liquids from solids or liquids by removing the liquid layer at the top from the layer at the bottom
Filtration
A process that separates solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium that allows the fluid to pass through but not the solid
Filter paper
a piece of semi-permeable paper that is commonly used in filtration
Filtrate
The liquid obtained after filtration
Residue
The solid substances that were filtrated
Sublimation
A phase-change separation that turns solid to gas immediately without passing through the liquid state
High pressure
This is what a mixture should have to undergo sublimation
Iodine
An example of a dark liquid that can easily go though sublimation.
Centrifugation
A process that separates solid to liquid by spinning them around an axis at high speed
Mother liquor
The liquid obtained after centrifugation
Evaporation
A process that turns liquid to gas through the use of heat
Distillation
A process that separates components of from a liquid through selective boiling or evaporation and condensation
Distillate
The liquid obtained after distillation
Chromatography
A process that separates the minute components of a mixture between two phases: stationary and mobile
Stationary phase
A phase in chromatography that is fixed
Mobile phase
A phase in chromatography that carries the components of the mixture through a medium
Measurement
Process of quantifying the properties of an object by expressing them in terms of a standard unit
English System
A unit system that started due to the widespread trading in a lot of countries (US, British empire)
Imperial system
The other term for English system
Metric system
The decimal system of weights and measures
Base unit
This is what each of the measures of the metric system have
10
The metric system is divided by the power of ___
Prefix
This part of the unit name of the metric system indicates whether the unit is smaller or larger than the base unit
Chemistry
The study of matter and the changes it undergoes
Chemistry
It is also called as "central science" since it bridges physics with other natural sciences
International System of units
The modern form of metric system
SI unit
The other term for the most used system of measurement
Meter
The base unit of length or distance
Liter
The base unit of volume or capacity
Gram
The base unit of mass or weight
Second
The base unit of time
Degree Celsius
The base unit of temperature
Mass
The measure of the amount of matter in an object
Weight
The force that matter feels due to gravity
Conversion factor
A term that converts a quantity in one unit to a quantity in another unit
Factor-label method
The use of conversion factors to convert a quantity in one unit to a quantity in another unit
Cancel
This is what you should do to unwanted units
Temperature
The measure of how hot or cold an object is
Density
The physical property that relates the mass of a substance to its volume
Specific Gravity
the quantity that compares the density of a substance with the density of water at the same temperature
Exact numbers
Results from counting or part of a definition
Inexact numbers
Results from measurement or observation but can contain some uncertainty
Significant figures
all digits in a measured number including one estimated digit
Non-zero digits
All of these are considered significant
Significant
A zero is considered as ___ if it is between 2 non-zero digits
Significant
A zero is considered ___ if it is at a trailing zero in a number that has a decimal place
Not-significant
A zero is considered ____ if it is a leading zero
Not-significant
A zero is considered ___ if it is at the end of a number that does not have a decimal point
Drop
When rounding off, this is what you should do to the rounding place numbers when it is 4 or less
Add 1
When rounding off, this is what you should do to the rounding place numbers when it is 5 or more
Place value
the position of a digit in a number
Least significant figures
In multiplying and dividing significant figures, the digits of the final answer should be the same as the number with the ____
Least decimal places
In adding and subtracting significant figures, the digits of the final answer should be the same as the number with the ____
Scientific notation
A method that is used to represent very large or small numbers in a simpler form
Positive
When converting standard numbers to scientific notation, moving the decimal to the left signifies a ___ exponent
Negative
When converting standard numbers to scientific notation, moving the decimal to the right signifies a ___ exponent
Right
When converting scientific notation to standard form, a positive exponent means that you should move the decimal to the ____
Left
When converting scientific notation to standard form, a negative exponent means that you should move the decimal to the ____
Graduated cylinder
used for measuring volumes
has spout
not for mixing, stirring, heating, weighing
has a long neck
Volumetric flask
measures one specific volume that is marked by the etched line on the neck
easy to mix solutions in because of its glass stoppers and design
used in preparation of solutions or precise volume
Pipette
used for measuring specific volumes
used with an aspirator
To deliver pipette
A graduated pipette that is calibrated to deliver the specified volume of liquid when properly expelled
the last drop of liquid should be blown out of the tip for exact measurement
To contain pipette
A graduated pipette that is calibrated to hold the exact specified volume of liquid
the last drop of liquid should be blown out of the tip in a separate container
Erlenmeyer flask
designed for easy stirring as it can be swirled by hand without spills
not for measuring as it has an accuracy of 5%
used as container with cork stopper for storage, weighing, heating, and mixing
beaker
holds volumes of liquid
not for measuring as it has an accuracy of 5%
for heating, transferring liquids, and container for weighing
has a spout
Test tube
hold and mix small samples
used as a reaction vessel
stirred by tapping the bottom with 2 fingers
Test tube rack
Hold or support test tube upright when observing or drying
Test tube brush
It is used to clean test tubes
Test tube holder
It is used to hold test tube in place when hot or shouldnt be touched with bare hands
Watch glass
A round concave glass dish that is used for evaporation, weighing, or covering other instruments
Evaporating dish
-It is made of glazed porcelain or ceramic that is used to heat or evaporate samples under high heat
Funnel
This is mainly used as an aid in transferring liquids
Stirring rod
This is used to stir things and aid in liquid transfer
Hot plate
This is used to heat volatile substances
Note 
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