Research Methods and Statistical Analysis

These flashcards cover key concepts related to research methods and statistical analyses, focusing on correlation, regression, and qualitative research methods.

Correlation

A statistical measure that expresses the extent to which two variables are linearly related.

Pearson’s r

The most commonly used correlation coefficient that requires both variables to be continuous (interval or ratio).

Spearman Rank-order correlation

A correlation coefficient used for two ranked or ordinal variables, which does not require normal distribution and can handle outliers.

Point-biserial correlation

A correlation used with one continuous variable and one dichotomous variable.

Coefficient of determination (R2)

The proportion of variance in one variable that can be accounted for by the other variable.

Regression

A statistical method for estimating the relationships among variables, allowing for prediction based on one or more predictor variables.

Beta (B)

The expected change in the outcome variable for a one-unit change in the predictor variable.

Moderation

A statistical interaction where the strength or direction of the relationship between two variables depends on the level of a third variable.

Mediation

A process in which an intermediate variable (mediator) explains the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable.

Quasi-experimental design

A research design that lacks random assignment to treatment or control groups.

Theoretical saturation

The point in qualitative research when no new insights are gained from additional data collection and analysis.

Grounded theory

A qualitative research method focused on systematically generating a theory from data.

Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)

A qualitative research approach aimed at exploring how individuals make sense of their significant experiences.

Mixed Methods Research

A research approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods in a single study.

Community-based participatory research (CBPR)

A collaborative research approach that involves community members and emphasizes equitable partnerships and social change.