ANAPHY LEC (ENDO)

What is the role of Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)?

Stimulates the secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary.

What hormone does Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate the secretion of?

Stimulates the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary.

What effects does prolactin (PRL) have in the body?

Involved in milk production in the mammary glands.

What does Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulate the release of?

Stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary.

What hormone does Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH) inhibit the secretion of?

Inhibits the secretion of prolactin (PRL).

What is the main function of Parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Regulates levels of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate ions in the blood.

What hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?

Aldosterone, cortisol, and androgens.

What is the function of insulin?

Decreases blood sugar levels.

What role does melatonin play in the body?

Acts as a sleep trigger and helps establish the body's day-night cycle.

What are the two main hormones produced by the ovaries?

Estrogens and progesterone.

What stimulates testosterone production in males?

Luteinizing hormone (LH).

What is the primary action of glucagon?

Increases blood sugar levels.

What are the primary hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine.

What is the relationship between TRH and TSH?

TRH stimulates the secretion of TSH from the anterior pituitary.

How does the thyroid gland affect metabolism?

Thyroid hormones increase basal metabolic rate.

What is the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Promotes reabsorption of water and increases blood pressure.

What hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary gland?

Growth hormone (GH), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and Prolactin (PRL).

What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary gland?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin.

What hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3).

What hormones are produced by the parathyroid glands?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH).

What hormones are produced by the pancreas?

Insulin and Glucagon.

What hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?

Aldosterone, Cortisol, and Androgens.

What hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine.

What hormones are produced by the ovaries?

Estrogens and Progesterone.

What hormones are produced by the testes?

Testosterone.

What inhibits Growth hormone (GH)?

Inhibited by somatostatin (growth hormone-inhibiting hormone).

What stimulates Prolactin (PRL)?

Stimulated by Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).

What is the target organ of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Targets the thyroid gland.

What inhibits Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Inhibited by cortisol (negative feedback mechanism).

What stimulates Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Stimulated by high blood osmolarity or low blood volume.

What is the target organ of Insulin?

Targets liver, muscle, and fat tissue.

What inhibits glucagon secretion?

Inhibited by insulin.

What stimulates secretion of aldosterone?

Stimulated by angiotensin II and elevated potassium levels.

What is the target organ of Epinephrine?

Targets various organs including the heart, lungs, and muscles.

What inhibits secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Inhibited by high calcium levels.

What stimulates secretion of estrogen?

Stimulated by Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

What is the target organ of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Targets the ovaries and

What is a hormone?

A hormone is a chemical messenger produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulates various physiological processes in the body.

What is the endocrine system?

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce and release hormones to regulate metabolism, growth, development, and homeostasis.

What is steroid hormone action?

Steroid hormone action involves hormones passing through the cell membrane to bind with receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus, influencing gene expression and protein synthesis.

What is the chemistry of hormones?

Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structure: steroid hormones (lipid-soluble), peptide hormones (water-soluble), and amine hormones (derived from amino acids).

What is nonsteroid hormone action?

Nonsteroid hormone action involves hormones binding to receptors on the cell surface, activating secondary messengers inside the cell to initiate a response.

What are the major endocrine glands?

The major endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes.