Thalamus

thalamus

This is a major relay center between the brainstem, cerebellum, basal nuclei, hypothalamus and the cerebral cortex.

Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus

This relay nuclei controls somatosensory (medial lemniscus & spinothalamic tract)

Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus

This relay nuclei controls somatosensory (trigeminal system)

Lateral geniculate nucleus

This relay nuclei controls vision (optic tract)

Medial geniculate

This relay nuclei controls hearing (brachium of the inferior colliculus)

Pulvinar nucleus

This relay nuclei controls visual integration (tectum)

Ventral lateral and anterior nuclei

These relay nuclei controls motor (basal nuclei and cerebellum)

Ventromedial nucleus

This relay nuclei controls consciousness (reticular formation)

Mediodorsal nucleus

This relay nuclei controls limbic (amygdala, olfactory cortex, basal nuclei)

Anterior nucleus

This relay nuclei controls limbic (mammillary body, hippocampus)

Posterior cerebral artery

The thalamus is supplied entirely by…..

Thalamogeniculate arteries

These supply the medial and lateral geniculate bodies, VPM, VPL, pulvinar, centromedian nucleus, ventral anterior nucleus

Thalamoperforator arteries

These supply the dorsomedial, ventrolateral and anterior nuclei

Dejerine-Roussy syndrome

Characterized by extreme hypersensitivity to pain after an infarct in the posterior thalamus