Church History Final Vocab

Gothic

developed during the “High Middle Ages”(1000-1300) which included a more dark aesthetic; first started in Northern France. Architecture included churches with tall arches, ribbed columns, flying buttress, gargoyles.

Communism

A socioeconomic and political system that aims to bring about a utopian society on earth as envisioned by Karl Marx. This theory includes the government’s unrestrained control of citizens’ property, the suppression of free speech and assem-bly, the oppression of religion in public life, and other denials of democratic values. EVERYTHING IS PUBLIC OWNERSHIP AND THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS PRIVATE PROPERTY

Fideism

Faith is only faith not reasonable

Pantheism

A false belief that identifies the universe as God or God as the universe  

Capitalism

An economic and sociopolitical system with limited governmental control, centered upon the free market and with an emphasis on private property, sometimes resulting in economic inequality.

Apologist

Christian writers who defend the Church against anti-Christian writings or heresies through the use of reason and intellectual defenses. An apologist “speaks in one’s defense.

Empiricism

Theory that all knowledge is derived from sense/experience

Mendicants

Someone who lives their life by begging

Humanism

Cultural and intellectual movement of renaissance that rediscovered art and focused on details

Eucharist

Body and blood of Christ

Fascism

Individual rights are suppressed by the will of those in power

Indulgence

Remission before God of the temporal punishment still due to forgiven sins

Dogma

Churches teaching

Predestination

belief that one’s actions are not only pre known by God but also predetermined

Consubstantial

Jesus and God are united as one; of the same substance

Rationalism

Philosophy of the enlightenment that taught that only human reason can bring people into the loght of knowledge

Magisterium

Defines church and interprets deposit of faith

Islam

Submission

Inquisition

Period of prolonged or intensive investigation

Martyr

“Witness” people who died for Christianity

Pastoral

Refers to the care and guidance by the pastor

Deist

Believed that God exists and made the world but left and doesn’t care

Simony

Buying and selling of church offices

Christendom

Large territory where most people are Christian. Refers to a group of nations in which Catholicism was established region of that state