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technetium-99m (Tc-99m)
the most widely used radionuclide.
Radioactivity
spontaneous decay of unstable nuclei to achieve stability, releasing radiation.
Alpha (α)
heavy, low penetration (stopped by paper/skin).
Beta (β)
moderate penetration (stopped by aluminum or plastic).
Gamma (γ)
high penetration (needs lead or concrete shielding).
Half-life (T½)
time required for half of the radioactive atoms to decay.