dative case endings, instrumental case endings, and aspect

Perfective Past

Completed, one time action

Perfective Present

Not possible

Perfective Future

Action that will be completed in the future

Imperfective Past

Incomplete, in progress, or habitual action in the past

Imperfective Present

Anything in the present ongoing or habitual action

Imperfective Future

быть + infinitive; future process without emphasized result

-у/-ю

Masculine/neuter dative noun ending

этому/тому

Masculine/neuter dative this/that

-ему

Masculine dative possessive ending

-ому/-ему

Masculine dative adjective endings

-е/-е, -и

Feminine dative noun endings

этой/той

Feminine dative this/that

-ой/-ей

Feminine dative adjective endings

-ей

Feminine possessive ending

-ам/-ям

Plural dative noun endings

этим/тем

Plural dative this/that

-ым/-им

Plural dative adjective endings

-им

Plural possessives ending

мне

Dative personal pronoun (self)

тебе

Dative personal pronoun (you; informal/singular)

(н)ему

Dative personal pronoun (he/they)

(н)ей

Dative personal pronoun (she)

нам

Dative personal pronoun (we)

вам

Dative personal pronoun (you; formal/plural)

(н)им

Dative personal pronoun (they/them)