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nitrogen is essential for
synthesis of amino acids and nucleic acids in both plants and animals
animals obtain nitrogen
from the proteins and nucleic acids in the organisms they consume
plants obtain nitrogen
from their environment, though not from the atmosphere (N2)
nitrogen fixation definition
the process of converting free living nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), also known as nitrogen fixing
examples of nitrogen fixing bacteria
azotobacter and rhizobium
azotobacter as a nitrogen fixing bacteria
free living soil bacterium
rhizobium as a nitrogen fixing bacteria
found in root nodules of leguminous plants such as peas and beans
nitrification definition
the process of converting ammonia (NH3) to nitrite (NO2-) and then to nitrate (NO3-)
there are two nitrifying bacteria
nitrosomonas and nitrobacter
role of nitrosomonas in nitrification
oxidises ammonia into nitrites (NH3 to NO2-)
role of nitrobacter in nitrification
oxidises nitrites into nitrates (NO2- to NO3-)
denitrification definition
the process of converting nitrates (NO3-) in the soil to nitrogen gas (N2) in anaerobic conditions
process of denitrification
bacteria use the nitrates as a respiratory substrate instead of oxygen and release nitrogen gas into the atmosphere
example of denitrifying bacteria
pseudomonas denitrificans
ammonification definition
the process of decomposers converting nitrogen-containing molecules in dead organisms, faeces and urine into ammonium compounds (NH4)