ocr a level biology nitrogen cycle

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15 Terms

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nitrogen is essential for

synthesis of amino acids and nucleic acids in both plants and animals

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animals obtain nitrogen

from the proteins and nucleic acids in the organisms they consume

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plants obtain nitrogen

from their environment, though not from the atmosphere (N2)

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nitrogen fixation definition

the process of converting free living nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), also known as nitrogen fixing

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examples of nitrogen fixing bacteria

azotobacter and rhizobium

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azotobacter as a nitrogen fixing bacteria

free living soil bacterium

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rhizobium as a nitrogen fixing bacteria

found in root nodules of leguminous plants such as peas and beans

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nitrification definition

the process of converting ammonia (NH3) to nitrite (NO2-) and then to nitrate (NO3-)

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there are two nitrifying bacteria

nitrosomonas and nitrobacter

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role of nitrosomonas in nitrification

oxidises ammonia into nitrites (NH3 to NO2-)

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role of nitrobacter in nitrification

oxidises nitrites into nitrates (NO2- to NO3-)

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denitrification definition

the process of converting nitrates (NO3-) in the soil to nitrogen gas (N2) in anaerobic conditions

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process of denitrification

bacteria use the nitrates as a respiratory substrate instead of oxygen and release nitrogen gas into the atmosphere

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example of denitrifying bacteria

pseudomonas denitrificans

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ammonification definition

the process of decomposers converting nitrogen-containing molecules in dead organisms, faeces and urine into ammonium compounds (NH4)