Unit 2 Vocab (Population)

The Industrial Revolution

A huge increase in food production in England (~1750)

More Developed Countries

Industrialized countries with high levels of healthcare, wealth, and education. (The Global North)

Less Developed Countries

Poorer and less industrialized countries. (The Global South)

Demography

The statistical study of human populations

crude death rate

number of deaths per 1000 people

rate of natural increase

a measurement of speed at which a population grows

doubling time

The time it takes for a population to increase

total fertility rate

the average number of children a woman will give birth to in their life time.

replacement level/zero population growth

the state in which the population remains constant

life expectancy

the average number of years a person is expected to ive

infant mortality rate

for every 1000 children born, the number that dies before the age of one.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum population that an environment can substantially suppot

neo - Malthusians

People who believe that actions should be taken to slow population growth

model

A theory that predicts how a process will occur (Not always true)

demographic transition model

A model that predicts that specific demographic changes will occur as a country industrializes and develops economically (TFR decreases)

Sex Ratio

Males/Females in a population

Dependency Ratio

number of people NOT working/# of people working

child dependency ratio

number of children / number of adults

Old age dependency

number of elderly people/number of adults

pronatalist policies

Actions taken to increase birth rates

anti - natalist policies

Actions government take to decrease birth rates