Systematic Theology Exam 2

Christology

the study of Christ

Modalistic Monarchianism: mono anche

Father is the Son

Son is the Father

Patripassianism

God the Father died on the cross

Adoptimism

the Father adopted Jesus —→ “mere man”

not co-eternal + not divine

argument took place after Jesus’ baptism

Origen view of us

believed our souls pre-existed our body

Eternal Generation

Origen’s belief that Jesus was made a little less than the Father because God the Father was the OG source

Whatever the the Father is, shares His exact nature w/ the Son

X —→ X

Arianism

4th century: the Father created the Son

“there was when the Son was not”

Led to the Council of Nicaea (325)

Homousios

the Son is “begotten, not made”

the Father and Son are distinct in person but in separable in being

Nestroianism

5th century: Jesus is two persons in one body

takes away from Jesus suffering and a man died not the Son of God

adding a person to the already trinity

Nestorius vs Cyril of Alexandria

led to council of Ephesus (431) and Chalcedon (451)

Hypostatic Union

Jesus Christ is one person

definition from Chalcedon

Monophysite Controversy

if Christ is one person then he has one nature

Monothelite Controversy

7th century: does Jesus have two natures (divine and human)

does he also have two wills or one person one will

Dyothelitism

(Greek for "two wills")

7th century claims Jesus possesses two distinct wills - one divine one human- working together in harmony

confirms that Christ is fully divine and fully human, with the human will freely submitting to the divine will. 

Maximus: The Two Wills

defended dyothelite

Points to the Garden of Gethsemane: “not my will but yours”

Jesus has two wills

Jesus always did the will of the Father —→ trinity has one will not 3 separate

If Jesus did not have two natures, he could have either died only God or only man therefore not allowing for sanctification

Impeccability

Jesus could not sin

Peccable

Jesus could have sinned

if we say this, Jesus would be breaking/going against the will of the divine will with the Father

You would have to be willing to say God can sin

Why is it important that Jesus went under temptation?

Ministry of Mediation (our High Priest)- finding grace and peace in His presence

• Jesus knows what it is like to be tempted

Ministry of Recapitulation: we get a due over from Jesus

Pneumatology

Study of the Holy Spirit

What does the Holy Spirit do?

Creates, orders, life giver, breath of God, convicts, brings revelation, reveals God, works in the incarnation, brings freedom and truth

Inspired prophets, visions, dreams, prophecies

Who the Holy Spirit is

Sent from Jesus, the advocate, proceeds from the Father, dwells in us, helper

Main Points of HS

He is Divine; eternally proceeds from the Father, co-eternal w/ Father and Son

Personal; speaks, convicts, leads, teaches, relates, SANCTIFIES

Holy Spirit economy

Fills us, guides us

Bestows spiritual gifts - 1 Cor 12

Narrative of the Holy Spirit

Creation

Fragmentation- Exodus

Prophecy

Fulfillment in Christ

Fulfillment in us

Given—→ lost—→ Promised—→ Recovered—→ Given back

HS Early Church

Baptism, prayers, worship, liturgy

Emphasis on the Spirit’s role in Salvation (indwelling)

Irenaeus’ “Two Hands”

The Son and Spirit are two hands of God working in unity

God working directly through the Spirit and Son

OG Nicene Creed on HS

No mention of Spirit’s deity (divinity)

No mention of personhood

No mention of Spirit’s work

No mention of the Spirit’s relationship with the Father and Son

Nicene Creed 2.0

Expands on the Holy Spirit adding “and in the Holy Spirit

Listed has “giver or life, who proceeds from the Father (and Son); who the Father and the Son together is worshiped and glorified; who spoke by prophets “

Patristic Insight: The Spirit is God because…

The Spirit does divine works only fitting for God

The Spirit of God (procession) and belongs to the Son. He is co-eternal with and inseparable from Father and Son

The Spirit fills us making us “temples of God”

The Spirit is omnipresent

The Holy Spirit has the very holiness as God

Soteriology

Doctrine of Salvation