Hosa Pharmacy Science

A&P

Anatomy and Physiology

ad lib

Freely, at will

ac

Before meals

adm

Admission

AED

Automated external defribillator

amb

Ambulate

ASAP

As soon as possible

ax

axillary

bid

Twice a day

BM

Bowel movement

BMI

Body mass index

BMR

Basal metabolic rate

BP

Blood pressure

BRP

Bathroom privileges

c

with

CBC

Complete blood count

CC

Chief complaint

CHO

Carbohydrate

cl liq

Clear liquids

c/o

Complains of

CPR

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CT

Computerized tomography

D/C

Discontinue

DNR

Do not resuscitate

Dx

diagnosis

EEG

Electroencephalogram

EKG, ECG

Electrocardiogram

FBAO

Foreign body airway obstruction

FBS

Fasting blood sugar

FF

Force fluids

GB

Gallbladder

Hgb

Hemoglobin

Hct

Hematocrit

HOB

Head of bed

hs

Hour of sleep, bedtime

ht

Height

hx

History

IM

Intramuscular

IV

Intravenous

LOC

Level of consciousness

LPN, LVN

Licensed practical (vocational) nurse

LTC

Long-term care

L

Left

MD

Medical doctor

MI

Myocardial infarction

MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging

N/A

Not applicable

neg

Negative

NG

Nastogastric

noct

Night

NKA

No known allergies

NPO

Nothing by mouth

O2

Oxygen

OOB

Out of bed

OR

Operating room

OTC

Over the counter

p

After

pc

After meals

po

By mouth

PPE

Personal protective equipment

prn

As necessary

pt

Patient

q2h

Every 2 hours

qhs

Every night at bedtime

qs

Quantity sufficient

qid

Four times a day

R

Respiration

R

Right

RBC

Red blood cell

RN

Registered nurse

R/O

Rule out

ROM

Range of motion

Rx

Prescription, take, treatment

s

Without

ss

One half

STAT

Immediately

STD

Sexually transmitted disease

T

Temperature

tab

Tablet

tid

Three times a day

TPR

Temperature, pulse, respiration

UA

Urinalysis

VS

Vital signs

WBC

White blood cells

w/c

Wheelchair

wt

Weight

WNL

Within normal limits

1906 Federal and Food Drug Act

This act prohibits the sale of mislabeled drugs as well as the sale of adulterated drugs.

1914 Harrison Narcotic Act

This act requires a prescription to purchase opium and limits the transport of it.

1938 Food Drug and Cosmetic Act

This act required drug companies to provide package inserts. Also, this act required that habit-forming drugs be labeled as such and new drugs have to be proven safe under the FDA guidelines before they are marketed.

1951 Durham Humphrey Amendment

This act made the distinction between over the counter drugs (OTC) and legend (prescription drugs) possible. Legend drugs should be labeled as "Caution: Federal Law prohibits dispensing without a prescription

1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendment

This amendment "Drug Efficacy Amendment" was passed to law due to birth defects that were caused by the drug thalidomide in Europe. Drugs made from 1938 forward must be proven safe and effective

1970 Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act (Controlled Substance Act-CSA)

This act created the (DEA) Drug Enforcement Administration and classified drugs on their potential for abuse.

1970 Poison Prevention Packaging Act

This act made necessary for childproof packaging on most drugs.

1970 Patient Package Inserts

This law was passed so that certain drugs can may be dispensed with PPI's or (patient package inserts). These PPI's inform patients about the precautions to be followed while taking such drugs.

1972 Drug Listing Act

This act required that National Drug Code (NDC) numbers to be assigned to every marketed drug.

1976 Medical Device Amendment of 1976

This amendment was created for the safety and efficacy and classification of all medical devices.

1983 Orphan Drug Act

This law was passed in order to make generic drugs more available to the general public. It encouraged and provided tax relief to manufacturers to create orphan drugs for the treatment of rare diseases and allows the FDA to further advance the research and marketing of these drugs.

1984 Drug Price Competition and Patent- Term Restoration Act (Hatch- Waxman Amendment)

This act streamlined the FDA approval process for marketing generic drugs and extended the terms of patents for companies that develop new drugs.

1987 Prescription Drug Marketing Act

This act prohibited the re-importation of drugs to the United States with the exception of the manufacturer.