2407- Autonomy

Ethics

It is a system of principles or values that aid in decision-making.

It comes into play when we are faced with a dilemma.

Why is ethics important ?

Arguing according to ethical principles allows us to come to a defensible decision. Legally as well. Also, because it touches intimate parts of lives.

Checklist for difficult decision

Get the facts straight

▪ Identify your approach to the problem

▪ Identify the pros and cons of your approach

▪ Consider the counter arguments and challenges

▪ Are your conclusions defensible?

What are the four pillars of medical ethics?

Autonomy

Beneficience

Non- maleficence

justice

Autonomy

Is his or her independence, self- reliance and ability to decide. 1st edition Beauchamp and childress. They must be competent and conscious.

Conditions for autonomy

Capacity for intentional action or the ability to make free choices. Patients must be provided with all the information

Patient autonomy

the right for patients to make an informed decision about their medical care without the doctor trying to influence their decision.

paternalism

Doctor making decision for patient

How is patient autonomy expressed

Doctors seeking an informed consent or agreement of the patient before any investigation or treatment begins

Factors that compromise/influence patient’s autonomy

Confusion, unconsciousness, drug overdose, intoxication

conditions for autonomous decisions

Has the capacity to make decisions

Has sufficient information

Does so voluntarily.

Respect for autonomy

To acknowledge their right to hold views, to make coices and to take actions based on their values and beliefs.

Practical applications of respect for autonomy

Jehovah’s witnesses and blood transfusion

Refusal of treatment

Informed consent