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Alonso Álvarez de Pineda
Explorer who mapped the Texas coastline in 1519.
René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle
Founder of Fort Saint Louis in Texas in 1685.
San Antonio
City founded by Spanish settlers in Texas in 1718.
Mexico gained independence from Spain
Event leading to Texas becoming part of Mexico in 1821.
Stephen F. Austin
Recipient of permission to bring settlers to Texas in 1823.
Battle of Gonzales
Conflict marking the start of the Texas Revolution in 1835.
Texas Declaration of Independence
Document signed on March 2, 1836, declaring Texas' independence.
Battle of the Alamo
Event ending with Texan defenders' defeat on March 6, 1836.
Sam Houston
Leader of Texan forces at the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836.
Republic of Texas
Established in September 1836.
Annexation by the United States
Event leading to Texas becoming the 28th state in 1845.
Mexican-American War
Conflict resulting in the United States gaining territories, including Texas.
Cattle ranching
Industry that began to flourish in Texas during the 1850s.
Secession from the Union
Event leading to Texas seceding from the United States in 1861.
Juneteenth
June 1865 event marking the emancipation of enslaved African Americans in Texas.
Reconstruction
Significant political and social changes in Texas during the 1870s.
Texas state constitution
Document adopted as Texas' current state constitution in 1876.
Railroad expansion
Mode of transportation transforming Texas' economy in the 1880s.
Oil
Valuable resource discovered in Texas during the 1890s.
Texas oil boom
Beginning marked by an event in Beaumont, Texas, in 1901.
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