Properties of Substances and Mixtures Pt. 1 - Intermolecular Forces and Gasses

This set of flashcards focuses on the essential vocabulary and concepts related to intermolecular forces, gas behavior, and related phenomena as discussed in the lecture.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions).

Ion-Ion Forces

The forces between and within ionic formula units, equivalent in strength to ionic bonds.

Ion-Dipole Forces

Forces between polar molecules (which have a dipole moment) and ions, depending on the ion's charge and the molecule's polarity.

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Forces between like or unlike polar molecules; strength depends on the polarity of the molecules involved.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of dipole-dipole interaction occurring between a hydrogen atom bonded to highly electronegative atoms (F, O, N) and an electronegative atom in another molecule.

Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Forces created when a polar molecule induces a dipole in a normally nonpolar molecule.

Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces (London Dispersion Forces)

Forces between nonpolar molecules or atoms that arise from temporary induced dipoles.

Polarizability

The ease with which the electron cloud of an atom or molecule is distorted by an external influence, creating a temporary dipole.

Enthalpy of Vaporization

The amount of energy required to vaporize a mole of a liquid at constant pressure.

Equilibrium Vapor Pressure

The pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance at equilibrium with its liquid phase.