Tectonic Hazards and Earthquake Management

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to tectonic hazards, types of tectonic plates, earthquake management, and historical case studies.

What is the composition of the inner core of the Earth?

Solid iron and nickel.

What theory did Alfred Wegener propose in 1910?

Continental drift.

What is the thickness range of the Earth's crust?

6 to 90 km thick.

What causes tectonic plates to move?

Convection currents in the mantle.

What are the four types of plate margins?

Constructive, destructive, conservative, and collision.

What type of volcano is characterized by runny lava and non-explosive eruptions?

Shield volcano.

What was the epicenter depth of the Haiti Earthquake on January 12, 2010?

12-13 km deep.

Which region experiences 75% of the world's volcano hazards?

The Ring of Fire.

What are the two types of tectonic plates?

Oceanic and continental plates.

What are the potential consequences of the Haiti earthquake in 2010?

Over 300,000 deaths, destruction of 80% of schools and 60% of hospitals.

What term describes the heavy ash cloud and hot gases produced by explosive volcanic eruptions?

Pyroclastic flow.

How do tsunamis form?

Tsunamis are caused by movement that generates shock waves in the ocean.

What is the primary method of managing earthquakes discussed in the lecture?

Prediction, planning, and preparation.

Which city in Japan experienced a major earthquake and tsunami in 2011?

Kamina.

What is an anomaly in regards to tectonic hazards?

The presence of volcanoes like Hawaii not located on tectonic plate boundaries.

What is the significance of the Pacific Ring of Fire?

It is a region with a lot of volcanic and seismic activity.

What is the focus of an earthquake?

The point within the Earth where the earthquake originates.