Pharmacology Exam 5 Complete Drug Study Guide

These flashcards cover various classes of medications and their key facts, mechanisms of action, indications, and important nursing considerations.

Cimetidine

Class: H2-Receptor Antagonist; Indications: Peptic ulcers, GERD; MOA: Blocks H2 receptors in parietal cells.

Omeprazole

Class: Proton Pump Inhibitor; Indications: GERD; MOA: Inhibits H+/K+-ATPase proton pump.

Aluminum Hydroxide

Class: Antacid; Indications: Hyperacidity; MOA: Neutralizes gastric acid.

Calcium Carbonate

Class: Antacid; Indications: Heartburn; MOA: Neutralizes stomach acid.

Lactulose

Class: Osmotic Laxative; Indications: Chronic constipation; MOA: Draws water into colon.

Bisacodyl

Class: Stimulant Laxative; Indications: Acute constipation; MOA: Stimulates peristalsis.

Psyllium

Class: Bulk-Forming Laxative; Indications: Chronic constipation; MOA: Absorbs water to form a gel.

Lubiprostone

Class: Chloride Channel Activator; Indications: Chronic constipation; MOA: Increases intestinal fluid secretion.

Loperamide

Class: Antidiarrheal; Indications: Diarrhea; MOA: Decreases peristalsis.

Sucralfate

Class: Mucosal Protectant; Indications: Peptic ulcers; MOA: Forms protective barrier at ulcer base.

Misoprostol

Class: Prostaglandin Analog; Indications: NSAID-induced gastric ulcers; MOA: Stimulates mucus and bicarbonate.

Meclizine

Class: Antihistamine; Indications: Motion sickness; MOA: Blocks H1 receptors.

Scopolamine

Class: Anticholinergic; Indications: Motion sickness; MOA: Blocks acetylcholine receptors.

Promethazine

Class: Phenothiazine; Indications: Nausea; MOA: Blocks dopamine receptors.

Ondansetron

Class: 5-HT3 Antagonist; Indications: Chemotherapy-induced nausea; MOA: Blocks serotonin receptors.

Dexamethasone

Class: Corticosteroid; Indications: Inflammation; MOA: Reduces inflammation.

Dronabinol

Class: Cannabinoid; Indications: Nausea; MOA: Activates cannabinoid receptors.

Aprepitant

Class: NK1 Antagonist; Indications: Chemotherapy-induced nausea; MOA: Inhibits substance P receptors.

Metoclopramide

Class: Dopamine Antagonist; Indications: Gastroparesis; MOA: Increases motility.

Penicillin

Class: Beta-Lactam Antibiotic; Indications: Bacterial infections; MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis.

Cephalexin

Class: Cephalosporin; Indications: Respiratory infections; MOA: Disrupts cell wall synthesis.

Vancomycin

Class: Glycopeptide; Indications: MRSA infections; MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis.

SMX-TMP

Class: Sulfonamide; Indications: UTIs; MOA: Inhibits folate synthesis.

Azithromycin

Class: Macrolide; Indications: STIs; MOA: Inhibits protein synthesis.

Gentamicin

Class: Aminoglycoside; Indications: Gram-negative infections; MOA: Inhibits protein synthesis.

Tetracycline

Class: Tetracycline; Indications: Acne; MOA: Inhibits protein synthesis.

Ciprofloxacin

Class: Fluoroquinolone; Indications: UTIs; MOA: Inhibits DNA gyrase.

Clindamycin

Class: Lincosamide; Indications: Anaerobic infections; MOA: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.

Diphenhydramine

Class: Antihistamine; Indications: Allergic rhinitis; MOA: Blocks H1 receptors.

Loratadine

Class: Antihistamine; Indications: Allergic rhinitis; MOA: Blocks H1 receptors peripherally.

Guaifenesin

Class: Expectorant; Indications: Chest congestion; MOA: Increases respiratory secretions.

Dextromethorphan

Class: Cough Suppressant; Indications: Dry cough; MOA: Suppresses cough reflex.

Acetylcysteine

Class: Mucolytic; Indications: Cystic fibrosis; MOA: Breaks disulfide bonds in mucus.

Pseudoephedrine

Class: Decongestant; Indications: Nasal congestion; MOA: Constricts arterioles.

Budesonide

Class: Inhaled Corticosteroid; Indications: Chronic asthma; MOA: Decreases inflammation.

Montelukast

Class: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist; Indications: Asthma; MOA: Blocks leukotriene receptors.

Albuterol

Class: SABA; Indications: Acute asthma; MOA: Bronchodilation.

Salmeterol

Class: LABA; Indications: Maintenance asthma; MOA: Long-term bronchodilation.

Ipratropium

Class: Anticholinergic; Indications: COPD; MOA: Prevents bronchoconstriction.

Theophylline

Class: Methylxanthine; Indications: Maintenance asthma; MOA: Inhibits phosphodiesterase.

Lisinopril

Class: ACE Inhibitor; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Prevents angiotensin II production.

Valsartan

Class: ARB; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Blocks angiotensin II effects.

Metoprolol

Class: Beta-Blocker; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Reduces heart rate.

Verapamil

Class: Calcium Channel Blocker; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Inhibits calcium influx.

Nifedipine

Class: Calcium Channel Blocker; Indications: Angina; MOA: Vasodilation.

Clonidine

Class: Alpha-2 Agonist; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Reduces sympathetic outflow.

Minoxidil

Class: Vasodilator; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle.

Nitroglycerin

Class: Nitrate; Indications: Angina; MOA: Vasodilation.

Quinidine

Class: Antidysrhythmic; Indications: Atrial fibrillation; MOA: Delays repolarization.

Lidocaine

Class: Antidysrhythmic; Indications: Ventricular dysrhythmias; MOA: Blocks sodium channels.

Flecainide

Class: Antidysrhythmic; Indications: Ventricular dysrhythmias; MOA: Slows conduction.

Propranolol

Class: Beta-Blocker; Indications: Hypertension; MOA: Blocks beta-1 and beta-2 receptors.

Amiodarone

Class: Antidysrhythmic; Indications: Ventricular fibrillation; MOA: Prolongs action potential.