SOCI 201- What is Sociology LECTURE

What is sociology?

The systematic study of human behavior.

What are the four promises of sociology?

1. Helps us think critically. 2. Explains why we act the way we do. 3. Reveals possibilities of human action. 4. Shows the route to induce positive social change.

What is critical thinking in sociology?

Using careful observation to arrive at conclusions about our social world rather than relying on authority or casual observation.

What are the three levels of sociological inquiry?

1. Micro-level sociology (individual behavior). 2. Macro-level sociology (national level, social institutions). 3. Global-level sociology (international phenomena).

What is functionalism?

A sociological theory that examines the factors holding society together and the norms that people are expected to follow.

What is anomie?

A feeling of normlessness or lack of purpose that can lead to social problems, including suicide.

Who are the two main groups in Marx's conflict theory?

The bourgeoisie (the rich) and the proletariat (the poor).

What does conflict theory examine?

The forces that pull society apart and the competition for control of the means of production.

How did Marx compare commodity production?

He compared it to stealing because workers are not paid the full value of what they create.

What is Weber's contribution to conflict theory?

He examined multiple factors influencing social behavior, including political and religious influences.

What are the three basic principles of symbolic interactionism?

1. Humans act toward things based on meanings. 2. Meanings are developed in interaction with others. 3. Meanings are modified in an interpretive process.

What do feminist theories focus on?

The examination of patriarchy, a system of male domination, and its social rather than biological roots.

What is postmodernism in sociology?

A critique of existing theories, focusing on consumerism, information systems, and oppression.

What historical events contributed to the emergence of sociology?

The Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment, and the Industrial Revolution.

What is the significance of the Boston Marathon bombings in sociology?

It highlights the importance of understanding social forces and root causes behind human behavior.

What did Durkheim suggest about crime in a perfect society?

Even in a perfect society, minor faults can create scandal, indicating that norms are essential for social cohesion.

What is the relationship between functionalism and social bonding?

Lack of social bonding can lead to anomie, resulting in social problems.

What is the role of sociologists in understanding multinational corporations?

They examine the impact of powerful social forces at various levels, including global phenomena.

How does sociology promise to induce positive social change?

By revealing the possibilities of human action and understanding social dynamics.

What is the importance of critical thinking in sociology?

It allows for a deeper understanding of social issues beyond superficial observations.

What is the focus of micro-level sociology?

The examination of individual behavior and interactions.

What is the focus of macro-level sociology?

The study of social institutions and national-level phenomena.

What is the focus of global-level sociology?

Investigating international phenomena and their effects on societies.

What does the term 'bourgeoisie' refer to?

The wealthy class that controls the means of production in society.

What does the term 'proletariat' refer to?

The working class that sells their labor in exchange for wages.

What is the significance of the term 'Verstehende sociology'?

It refers to Weber's approach of understanding the meaning behind human actions.