Ch 12 - Test Study Guide Short 24
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40 Terms
The huge area between the Rocky Mountains & the Pacific Ocean is referred to as
Oregon Country
Who were the mountain men?
fur trappers & traders
What was the name of the meeting attended by mountain men to trade furs for necessities and equipment
rendezvous
Many trappers became what - after over trapping ended their careers as trappers?
guides to the Oregon Country
What happened at the Whitman Mission between the missionaries & the Cayuse tribe?
Children died of Measles, but thought the gods were angry & killed Missionaries
What are emigrants?
leave your country to settle elsewhere
What are prairie schooners?
Conestoga wagon nickname
What is Manifest Destiny?
to own the continent - ocean to ocean, because god wants us to
Why do the Whitman Missionaries move out West?
to convert Natives to Christianity
Why do emigrants/pioneers move out West?
to explore, for land, and rumors of gold
What are tejanos?
Mexicans who live in Texas
What are empresarios?
recruit new settlers to live in Mexico
Who was the dictator of Mexico?
Santa Anna
Battle of Alamo:
leaders?
what happened?
who won?
Led by Travis & Bowie
leaders & Crockett were killed
many Texans died
Mexican victory
Battle of Goliad:
leaders?
what happened?
who won?
Let by Houston
retreated - some surrendered to Santa Anna
400 executed
Mexican victory
Battle of San Jacinto:
leaders?
what happened?
who won?
Led by Houston
sneak attack on Santa Anna & Mexican Army
Texan victory
What does history indicate Crockett did at the Alamo?
hid under a table during the battle and wrote in his journal
Who was the President of Independent Texas?
Houston
What is annex?
take control of/ add territory to your country
What was the nickname of the newly independent Texas?
Lone Star Republic
What was the Mission System?
convert natives while teaching farming & crafts, all to make money for the church
What are missionaries?
religious people who spread Christianity
what are ranchos?
large ranch properties
what are rancheros?
ranchers who own the large properties
Why are people flooding to California?
rumors of gold
Why does Polk want to provoke a war Mexico?
so Mexico is blamed for starting a war
Why does the U.S. believe they have a right to Mexican lands?
Manifest Destiny
How does Polk convince Congress to declare war?
"American Blood has been shed on American Soil" speech to Congress
Who was the young congressman who dared to question President Polk's request for war?
Lincoln
Why would Southern Democrats favor going to war with Mexico?
adds slave state territories
What are forty-niners?
miners during the gold rush
California gold rush is the beginning of what ethnic culture coming to the U.S.?
Chinese
What is a boomtown?
town that appears "overnight"
What is a ghost town?
abandoned boomtown
What are vigilantes?
take law into their own hands (police, jury, judge, executioner)
How does Levi Strauss change the face of mining?
invents denim pants with rivets
Who is Joseph Smith?
founder of the Mormon Church
Why does Smith want to lead his people west?
Mormons are being persecuted for their religious beliefs
Why does Brigham Young have to become the new leader of the Mormons?
Smith was killed by an angry mob
Why are Americans persecuting the Mormons?
They practice polygamy and Americans disagree with their belief system