OChem - Exam 1

linear, 180 degrees

2 bonding groups, 0 lone pairs

bent, 109.5 degrees

2 bonding groups, 2 lone groups

trigonal planar, 120 degrees

3 bonding groups, 0 lone pairs

tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees

4 bonding groups, 0 lone pairs

trigonal pyramidal, 109.5 degrees

3 bonding groups, 1 lone pair

bent, 120 degrees

1 single bond, 1 double bond, 1 lone pair

oxygen

atom that is the second most electronegative,

Second to fluoride

c-h

only nonpolar bond that isn’t like-to-like

(not O-O, F-F, C-C)

stronger the acid

lower the pKa

products are formed in the direction of the weaker acid or base

survival of the weakest

acid strength increases

as electronegativity increases

acidity increases

as atom size increases

acidity increases

as induction increases

Withdrawal of e- through sigma bonds

induction

acid wants electrons

base gets rid of electrons

lewis acid and base

acid gets rid of protons (H+)

base wants protons (H+)

bronsted acid and base

electrophile

lewis acid

compound that can accept lone pair of electrons

nucleophile

lewis base

starts the reaction