Cell Bio Chapter 8

gene expression

the process by which a gene makes a product that is useful to the cell or organism by directing the synthesis of a protein or an RNA molecule with a characteristic activity (turning a gene on)

gene expression is…

regulated

Nuclear transplantation experiments

An experiment where the nucleus of a
differentiated cell is placed into an egg cell
with its nucleus removed to see if it can
direct development of a whole organism

Proteome

all the proteins made by a cell at a given time

how are proteomes identified and analyzed

mass spec

Housekeeping proteins

proteins that are common to all the cells of a multicellular organism

examples of housekeeping proteins

polymerases, DNA repair enzymes,
ribosomal proteins

different cell types produce different sets of…

proteins

transcriptome

all the RNAs made by a cell at a given time

how are transcriptomes identified and analyzed

RNA sequencing

Cells can alter their patterns of gene
expression in response to…

extracellular cues

what do transcription regulators binds to

regulatory DNA sequences

when do bacteria regulate gene expression

in response to nutrients available

eukaryotic transcription regulators control gene expression from a…

distance