anatomy practical

blood tissue

fluid connective tissue found in the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries

bone tissue

found in the bones. example: the femur

adipose tissue

found protecting the kidneys and cushioning the back of the eye

reticular tissue

supportive framework for soft organs such as lymphatic tissue, the spleen, and the liver

dense irregular

dermis of the skin and arterial walls

dense regular elastic

ligaments in the vocal folds and between the vertebrae

loose (areolar)

found between many organs, where it acts both to absorb shock and bind tissues together

dense regular collagenous

ligaments and muscle tendons

hyaline cartilage

found in the bronchi, rib cage, the nose, and covers bones where they meet to form movable joints

elastic cartilage

external ear

fibrocartilage

menisci in the knee joint and the intervertebral discs

non-keratinized stratified squamous

lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina

keratinized stratified squamous

found in the skin. thick skin is palms and bottoms of the feet, thin skin is found everywhere else

pseudostratifed

ciliated tissue lines the trachea and much of the upper respiratory tract

simple columnar

cilitaed tissues are in the bronchi, uterine tubes, and uterus; non-ciliated tissues are in the digestive tract and bladder

simple cuboidal

in ducts and secretory potions of small hands and in kidney tubules

stratified cuboidal

sweat glands, salivary glands, and the mammary glands

transitional distended

lines the bladder, urethra, and the ureters

transitional non-distended

simple squamous

air sacs of the lungs and the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

smooth muscle

muscle tissue found in many places; surrounding and in many organs

skeletal muscle

any skeletal muscle (ex: biceps brachii)

cardiac muscle

comprises the heart

anterior (ventral)

describes the front or direction toward the front of the body

posterior (dorsal)

describes the back or direction toward the back of the body

superior (cranial)

describes a position above or higher than another part of the body

inferior (caudal)

describes a position below or lower than another part of the body

lateral

describe the side or direction toward the side of the body

medial

describes the middle or direction toward the middle of the body

proximal

describes a position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body

distal

describes a position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body

superficial

describes a position closer to the surface of the body

deep

describes a position farther from the surface of the body

contralateral

describes structures found on opposite sides of the body (right vs. left side)

ipsilateral

describes structures found on the same side of the body

sagittal plane

divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides

frontal plane

divides the body or an organ into an anterior (front) portion and a posterior (rear) portion

transverse plane

divides the body or organ horizontally into upper and lower portions

midsagittal plane

divides the body or an organ vertically in the direct middle into right and left sides

oblique plane

divides the body at an angle

cranial cavity

contains the brain

dorsal cavity

includes the cranial and spinal cavities

thoraicc cavity

chest cavity

vertebral cavity

contains the spinal cord

abdominal cavity

contains primarily the major organs of digestion

cytoplasm

many organelles within; inbetween plasma membrane and nucleus

nucleus

contains the cell's DNA and directs cellular functions

mitochondrion

converts energy storage molecules into ATP to power the cell

ribosome

makes proteins

rough endoplasmic reticulum

includes ribosomes for the synthesis and modification of proteins

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

creates lipids or fat

golgi appartatus

sorts, modifies, and ships products from the ER

lysosome

contains digestive enzymes to break down materials

peroxisome

contains enzymes key for lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification