US History Unit 2 Progressive Era vocab

progressive era

• came after the gilded age

• 1897-1920

  • attempted to solve/correct issues from the gilded age

labor unions

workers join together to fight for:

-better condition -more $ -better work hrs.

social dawinism

• “survival of the fittest” applied to society

• atheistic perspective

• “every man for themselves”

• poverty blamed on individual

social gospel

• religious perspective

• “help others”

• poverty blamed on society

Image

WEB dubois

• achieve full civil and pol. rights immediately

• protesting and legal challenge

• higher education of the top 10% to become the leaders

booker t washington

• priortize vocational and industrial training

• accomodate to the white man

• gradual freedom

• economic strengthening

populism

movement for increasing political power of the people, legislation working in their favor

positive populism effects

• 16th-19th ammendment

• targeted political corruptions

negative populism effects

• social ideologies imposed on laws (sometimes good sometimes bad)

  • jim crow

  • womens suffrage

greenbacks

paper currency that can’t be exchanged for gold or coins

deflation

increase in the value of money

deflation effects on farmers

• lower crop value

• higher interest rates

• debt

• lots of borrowing

inflation

decrease in the value of money

the grange

(1867) founded by Oliver H Kelly

worked to advance the soc and eco standings of farmers/consumers

the grange contributions

-pressured states to regulate railroad/warehouse rates in recession

-created co-ops to reduce farming competition

-unsuccessful in improving conditions

the farmers alliance contributions:

(1890)

-created large co-ops/exchanges to ⬆farm prices and negotiation power

-did not succeed, exchanges took out too many loans

The people’s party

• est. july 1982

• made of farmers alliance ppl

• silver coins(unsuccessful)

• graduated tax

• organized labor

16th ammendment

est. federal income tax

(before amm we get taxed on tarrifs

17th ammendment

direct senate elections

(before amm. people would vote 4 the people who voted 4 our senators)

18th ammendment

prohibition (reapealed by the 21st amm)

19th ammendment

women’s suffrage

keating owen act

no child under 14 can work interstate commerce

federal reserve

(1913)established as central banking system

national park reserve

(1916) roosevelt est. to protect US national parks

initiative

the people can take desired/new laws to court w/ petitions

primaries

where voters choose their canidate for their political party for election

recall

take back the gov. official if the people disapprove of them

referendum

the people can vote against the state legislator

robert la follette

wisconsin governor who championed the direct primary system 

theodore roosevelt

- 26th president whose “square deal” 

-focused on consumer protection, trust control, and conservation

william howard taft

27th president who took a tougher stance on trusts than roose

upton sinclair

muckraker and author of “the jungle”

-exposed bad conditions in meat packing plants

lincoln steffens

-muckraker

-author of “the shame of the cities”

-reveld political corruption

ida tarbell

-muckraker

-author of “the history of the standard oil company”

-led to the breakup of rockerfeller’s monopoly

jane addams

-sociologist

-founder of hull house, service house for city poor and immigrants 

carrie chapman catt

-NAWSA leader

-helped secure ratification of the 19th amm

anne dallas dudley

-tennessee suffragist

-important in tenn. ratif. of the 19th amm

herbert spencer

-english philosopher

-social darwinism

-coined “survival of the fittest”

clayton antitrust act

shernan act (1890)

trust busting previous trusts and restricting trade