oxidative phosphorylation

where does oxidative phosphorylation happen?

Inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration, to generate ATP

What is the Electron Transport Chain?

A series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons, creating a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.

What makes up the ETC?

Consists of 4 protein complexes, (I-IV) that transfer electrons through a series of redox reactions.

What is ATP synthase?

An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate, utilizing the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain. Often called complex V.

What is the first step of OXPHOS?

Transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to the electron transport chain, initiating the proton pumping process into the intermembrane space.

What is the second step in OXPHOS?

Chemiosmosis: The transfer of protons back across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase, leading to ATP production.

How does Chemiosmosis work?

Chemiosmosis involves the movement of protons down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase, resulting in the conversion of ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP.

What is the last step in OXPHOS?

Final electron acceptor: Oxygen accepts electrons at complex iV, forming water

What is the energy yield of OXPHOS?

Highly efficient, producing ~30-32 ATP molecules per glucose molecule when combined with the citric acid cycle and glycolysis