Church History - Final Chapter 3

Who was St. Benedict?

Rule of St. Benedict was adopted by many Medieval monastic communities.

Founded 12 monasteries his final at Monte Cassino.

What was the rule that Benedict divided a monk's schedule into?

1. Chanting Psalms & Praying in community (four hours)

2. Private Prayer & Scriptural Reading (4 hours)

3. Physical labor (6 Hours)

4. Meals & Sleep (ten hours)

Who was Pope Gregory the Great?

Aka St. Gregory I - Last Latin Father

Became Pope in 590

Sold and gave away all his wealth to establish 7 monasteries & help the poor.

Constantine's death lead to divided rule:

Constantinus (East)- Supported Arianism

Constans (West)-Supported Orthodox Christianity

Who was Theodosius I

made Christianity official religion

What effect did the fall of the Roman Empire have on the Church's understanding of her relationship with the state?

What did Church Fathers do during their time that helped the Church?

Writings of them during this time helped:

Combat heresy , Explain the collapse of the Roman Empire to the people , Formulate Doctrine

Wha are the three Divisions of Church Fathers

Apostolic - Lived during time of the Apostles

Ante-Nicene - Lived after the time of the Apostles but before the 1st Council of Nicaea.

Post Nicene - Lived after the 1st Council of Nicaea

The waves of invasions, from which groups is partly responsible for the collapse of the Empire.

Germanic tribes like the Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Vandals, and Lombards

What are the two types of Monasticism & who founded each type?

Eremitic

- founded by St. Anthony the Great

Cenobitic

- founded by St. Pachomius

What are the vows of Benedictines?

Poverty

Chastity

Obedience following their novitiate

Why is the Edict of Milan important?

establishes religious freedom throughout Roman Empire

legalized the practice of Christianity and other religions throughout the Roman Empire

What becomes the new capital of the Empire?

Constantinople

What is the Great Schism?

1054 divided Christianity into Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy, primarily over theological and political disputes.

What was the 2 parts from the split of the great schism?

west - Holy Roman Empire (spoke Latin)

east - Byzantine (spoke greek)

Why were ecumenical councils called?

were called to bring together bishops from all over the world under the leadership of the Pope to discuss central Church issues & challenges, including the rise of differing beliefs, known as heresies.

What are ecumenical councils

were convened to address heresies and unify Church doctrine, with significant councils including Nicaea and Chalcedon

How many councils have there been in total?

21

What is the first and last ecumenical council?

First Council of Nicaea

Vatican II

Why is the Nicene Creed Significant to Christianity?

established at the First Council of Nicaea, is a foundational statement of Christian faith, affirming the divinity of Christ.