WESTWARD EXPANSION IMPACTS

types of impacts

sociopolitical

economic

geo-cultural

examples of sociopolitical impacts

conflict with the natives over land

conflict between the north and south

introduction of reservations

impact of westward expansion on conflicts with the natives

led to increased conflict over land

examples of conflict with the natives

red river war

great Sioux war

red cloud's war

red river war

1874, forced relocation of southern plains Indians onto Indian territory

great Sioux war

Conflict between Sioux and Cheyenne Indians and federal troops over lands in the Dakotas in the mid-1870s.

battle of Little Bighorn

In 1876, Indian leaders Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse defeated Custer's troops, Custer and all his men died

casualties of Little Bighorn

268 US soldiers killed, up to 100 plains Indians

impact of westward expansion in increasing sectional tensions

without westward expansion, no new territories, no new states, no need to decide slavery in states, no slave-power conspiracy, no conflict

examples of sectional tensions

bleeding kansas

california prohibit slavery

Missouri compromise

bleeding kansas

1854-1861, a sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory.

reason for bleeding Kansas

Kansas-Nebraska act (1854) that called for popular sovereignty in the territory, led to fighting between the two sides. Kansas-Nebraska had the aim of allowing the joint territory to enter the union as states

california prohibits slavery

1847

Missouri compromise

1820

impact of westward expansion on reservationism

want for land from the federal government and white settlers

examples of reservationism

Dawes act 1887 (plains Indians)

Indian removal act 1830 (5 civilised tribes)

geo-cultural impacts of westward expansion

new American states

changes to the landscape

loss of native sacred land

loss of the buffalo

end of nomadic living for some native groups

new American states from westward expansion examples

Louisiana purchase of 1803 created new states like Iowa and the Dakotas

how many states created from the Louisiana purchase

15

examples of changes to the landscape

farming, irrigation techniques and mining

number of farms in USA by 1850

1.4 million

impact of new farms from westward expansion

enclosure of landscapes, changes to waterways, deforestation

impact of railroads on geography

blew through mountains and forest to reach east to west- changed the landscape

amount of coal produced in the USA in 1890

175 million tons

pike's peak

gold rush in Colorado in 1858-9

example of loss of native sacred land because of westward expansion

black hills (promised to the Cheyenne and Lakota at fort Laramie 1868) was found to house gold, and the natives living on it were forced out and onto reservations

number of buffalo killed between 1872-1874/ year

3 million per year

number of buffalo left on the northern plains by 1880

200

example of end of nomadic living

Dawes act 1887