AP Comp Gov: Unit 1 Vocab 2

Comparative Politics

The study and comparison of domestic politics across countries; sub-field of political science.

Comparitve Method

A way to compare cases and draw conclusions.

Qualitative Data

**data** that approximates and characterizes, can be observed and recorded, non-numerical

Quantitative

**data** in the form of counts or numbers where each **data** set has a unique numerical value

Causation

The action of causeung something

Correlation

a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things.

Normative Statement

is a subjective statement that infers an idea, suggestion or opinion

Empirical Statement

An objective statement based on facts

HDI

a statistic developed and compiled by the United Nations to measure various countries’ levels of social and economic development. 

GDP

gross domestic product the standard measure of the value added created through the production of goods and services in a country during a certain period

GDP per capita

an economic metric that breaks down a country's economic output per person.

Purchasing power parity (PPP)

a popular macroeconomic analysis metric used to compare economic productivity and standards of living between countries.

Gini Index

measures the extent to which the distribution of income or consumption among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution

Freedom House score

an annual global report on political rights and civil liberties, composed of numerical ratings and descriptive texts for each country and a select group of territories.

GDP growth rate

is an expressed as a percentage that shows the rate of change in a country's GDP, typically from one year to the next.

Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

the perception of corruption in the public sector, in particular: bribery; embezzlement of public funds; nepotism in the civil service; the government’s ability to implement integrity mechanisms; effective prosecution of corrupt officials

Failed State Index

Failed State Index is a measure that assesses the success of a state based on various indicators such as political instability, economic decline, and social unrest.

Democratic Consolidation

refers to the establishment and strengthening of democratic institutions, norms, and practices in a society, ensuring the stability and endurance of a democratic system. It involves the consolidation of democratic values, the rule of law, protection of human rights, and the development of a robust civil society.

Corruption

dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery, for illegitimate private gain.

Strong State

a form of government where power is concentrated in a central authority, typically led by a single leader or ruling party. It exercises strong control over various aspects of society, including the economy, media, and political institutions.

Failed state

a state that is unable to perform the two fundamental functions of the sovereign nation-state in the modern world system: it cannot project authority over its territory and peoples, and it cannot protect its national boundaries.

Transparency

holding public officials accountable for their operations. Transparency ensures accountability, openness, and communication between the public and government.