Sensory Integration and Eye Movement

These flashcards focus on key concepts related to sensory integration and eye movement as discussed in the lecture.

Sensory Integration

The process of using sensory information to control movement and making movements to optimize sensory information.

Retina

The light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that processes visual information.

Sclera

The white protective outer layer of the eye, made up of collagen and elastin fibers.

Fovea

The area of the retina where photoreceptors are most densely packed, allowing for high acuity vision.

Photoreceptors

Cells in the retina (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals.

Saccades

Quick, simultaneous movements of both eyes that bring an image onto the fovea.

Fixations

Periods during which the eyes are steady on a single location, allowing for detailed processing of that part of the visual field.

Smooth Pursuit

A voluntary eye movement that allows the eyes to closely follow a moving object.

Optokinetic Nystagmus (OKN)

A reflexive eye movement that stabilizes images on the retina during head and visual field motion.

Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR)

An involuntary eye movement that compensates for head movement and maintains a steady gaze.

Vergence Movements

Simultaneous movements of both eyes in opposite directions to maintain single binocular vision.

Retinal Ganglion Cells

Output cells from the retina that convey visual information to the brain.

Ocular Dominance Columns

Stripes in the visual cortex that represent input from the left and right eyes.

Primary Visual Cortex (Area V1)

The main cortical area where visual information is processed, organized retinotopically.

Amblyopia

Reduced vision in one eye due to improper visual development, often referred to as 'lazy eye'.

Strabismus

A condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other; can lead to double vision or amblyopia.

Retinal Disparity

The slight difference in images between the two eyes that aids in depth perception.

Optic Chiasm

The point where the optic nerves cross, allowing visual information from both eyes to be processed by both hemispheres of the brain.

Oscillopsia

The sensation of perceiving motion in the visual field when there is none, often experienced with certain types of nystagmus.