China Flashcards

Study geography

Use the purpose game

How did the Shang dynasty rise?

Kingdoms were formed out of groups of farming villages along the huang river and the Shang kingdom rose to power

What is a pictographic writing system

One that uses symbols to represent words or ideas

What is the Shang dynasty’s greatest achievement other than being the first to rule the north china plain

Making intricate bronze items

Who were the Shang

The first dynasty of china

Who were the Zhou

The second dynasty of china

Why did the Shang fall

After many generations, feudal lords were no longer loyal to the king and wanted more land

What is feudalism

When land is divided up and owned by land(feaudal) lords

What were oracle bones

Animal bones with writing on them that predicted the future

What is losses

Fertile silt

How did the Zhou come to power

They convinced the feudal lords that the gods chose the king and that the Shang had lost the will of the gods, so an uprising was neccecary

What is the Mandate of Hevan

The idea that the gods chose the ruler, and rulers that did not serve the interests of the people the gods did not like, so they needed to be replaced

What is a warlord

A military ruler of a small state

What was the dname of the person with the mandate of hevan

The son of hevan

How did the Zhou fall

After an invasion, the Zhou kings depended on the warlords who helped them stay in power, who became more and more independent, until the Zhou simply collapsed.

How did the Zhou govern such a large region

By breaking it up into provinces and giving loyal family members lots of land to manage

What was the warring states period

After the fall of the Zhou, everyone was at war with each other for 200 years. This is when Daoism and Confucianism were founded and it lasted until the Qin

What technological advancements were there during the Zhou

The crossbow, iron, a large network of roads, and coinS

What was one very important Chinese value

Family

What was the dynastic cycle

1. Strong ruler comes to power

2. New Dynasty restores peace, chooses local officials, and makes reforms

3. Dynasty grows week with corrupt officials and heavy taxes

4. The dynasty loses the mandate of hevan and is overthrown

5. Vionce follows

6. Repeat

How did the Zhou prove that the Shang had lost the mandate

Floods, invasion, famine, and uprisings

How did the Zhou convince the nobles to support them

They said that the nobles only owed loyalty until the Zhou became corrupt

What did the Shang pyramid look like

1. Rulers

2. Workers

What did the Zhou social pyramid look like

1. Rulers

2. Scholars

3. Farmers

4. Craftsman

5. Traders

What is crop rotation(Zhou)

Changing the crops grown each year to increase fertaility of the soil

What are the 2 reasons that coins had holes in them

1. So they could be tied to belts

2. To save materials

What is ancestor worship

Honoring your ancestors so they will bring good luck

The Chinese believed they first few days after a loved ones death was a time of ___

Judgement

What is an ancestral shrine

A place with lots of clay tablets, each honering an ancestor in ancestor worship

What are the 3 standards of confucianism

Age, Gender, Status

What is filial piety

Family loyalty

What are the two roles in confucianism

The greater protects and teaches the smaller and the smaller respect the greater

What was confucius’ early life like

Born into a poor family in Liu. Was not satisfied with govennment work so became a scholar

What are the 5 relationships of confucianism

1. ruler and subject

2. father and son

3. husband and wife

4. older and younger brothers

5. two friends

What is the main text of confucianism

The Analects(conversation)

Who founded Daoism

Lao Zi[Lao Tzu] (Old master)

What is the main text of daoism

Dao De Jing(The classic in the way and its power)

Daoism vs Confucianism vs Legalism

Confucianism- moral order in society based on interpersonal relationships

Daoism - freedom, and less uniformity

Legalism - Rule by fear, harsh law and order

What are the major daoist principles

1. Dao

2. the goal is to become one with dao

3. wu wei(go with the flow)

4. man is unhappy because of man made laws

What is Wu wei

Go with the flow

What is the dao

1. No formal education

2. Rely on senses

3. Discover nature of universe

4. Ignore political and social laws

What is yin

One of the 2 daoist forces,

1. Mascuine

2. Active

3. Light

4. Warm

5. Strong

6. Heaven

7. Sun

What is yang

the other of the 2 daoist forces

1. Feminine

2. Passive

3. Darkness

4. Cold

5. Weak

6. Earth

7. Moon

What is yin-yang

Balance between yin and yang

Who founded legalism

Han Fe Zi

What dynasty practiced legalism

The Qin

What is the main text of legamism

Han Fei Tzu

What are the major principles of legalism

1. Human nature is selfish

2. intellectualism an literacy is discouraged

3. Law replaces morality and is the supreme authority

4. The ruler must rule with a strong and punishing hand

5. War is the means of strengthening a ruler’s power