APUSH Unit 4 Term Quiz

ABRAHAM LINCOLN

The 16th President of the United States, he would serve during the Civil War and was the 1st President in U.S. history to be assassinated.

ANDREW JOHNSON

The 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. Would fight with the Radical Republicans and became the 1st president ever impeached while in office.

Ulysses S. Grant

President who didn't stop scandals from occurring in his administration thereby leading to the Republican Party being labeled as being corrupt during this time period.

James Buchanan

President directly before Lincoln who supported corrupt popular sovereignty and didn't do anything to prevent the Civil war

Stephen Douglas

An American politician and lawyer from Illinois. He was one of two Democratic Party nominees for president in the 1860 presidential election, and was best known for promoting "Popular Sovereignty'

Jefferson Davis

An American politician who served as the president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865

Uncle Toms Cabin

An anti slavery novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe

KA/NA Act of 1854

1854 bill that mandated "popular sovereignty," allowing settlers of a territory to decide whether slavery would be allowed within a new state's borders.

Lecompton Controversy (Constitution) 1857

Document framed in the Territorial Capital of Kansas in 1857 by Southern pro

Fugitive Slave Law

Part of the Compromise of 1850, Northerners were required to send escaped slaves back to their owners in the South.

Sharecropping

A type of farming in which families rent small plots of land from a landowner in return for a portion of their crop, to be given to the landowner at the end of each year.

Seward’s Folly

The 1867 Treaty with Russia was negotiated and signed by the Secretary of State and the Russian Minister to the United States Edouard de Stockl. Critics of the deal to purchase Alaska called it "Sewards Folly" Opposition to the purchase of Alaska subsided with the Klondike Gold Strike in 1896

Scalawags

Southerners during Reconstruction who cooperated with the North, favored industrial development, or were more interested in themselves than the South as a region.

Carpet baggers

A person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction.

Copperheads

Also known as Peace Democrats, they were a faction of Democrats in the Union who opposed the American Civil ur and wanted an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates.

Greenbacks

Name for paper currency issued by the United States during the American Civil War. They were in two forms

Whig Party

During the American Civil War, former Whigs formed the core of a "proto party" in the Confederacy that was opposed to the Jefferson Davis administration. In the Reconstruction Era, many former Whigs tried to regroup in the South, calling themselves "conservatives" and hoping to reconnect with ex-Whigs in the North.

Free Soil Party

Political Party that eventually became the Republican Party; its members were for stopping the expansion of slavery.

Republican Party

Political Party that had the platform that slavery should NOT be extended any more. Lincoln was a member of this party.

Democrat Party

Political party that was for popular sovereignty; Douglas was a member; after the Civil War this party became the party of the white South.

Radical Republicans

The Radical Republicans were a group of politicians who formed a faction within the Republican party that lasted from the Civil War into the era of Reconstruction. They were led by Thaddeus Stevens in the House of Representatives and Charles Sumner in the Senate.

Compromise of 1850

Compromise in which California became a free state and popular sovereignty was introduced to decide what would happen with the rest of Mexican Cession.

Reconstruction

The period in American history that lasted from 1863 to 1877 following the American Civil War and is a significant chapter in the history of American civil rights

10% plan

Lincoln's Reconstruction plan that called for leniency and forgiveness of the South.

Anaconda Plan

Military strategy proposed by Union General Winfield Scott early in the American Civil War. The plan called for a naval blockade of the Confederate littoral, a thrust down the Mississippi, and the strangulation of the South by Union land and naval forces.

Ku Klux Klan

Group in the South that was started in order to intimidate free blacks in the South and stop them from voting.

Bleeding Kansas

This Border War was a series of violent civil confrontations between 1854 and 1859 which emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in this proposed state.

John Brown’s Raid

An effort by abolitionists, from October 16 to 18, 1859, to initiate a slave revolt in Southern states by taking over the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. It has been called the dress rehearsal for or Tragic Prelude to the Civil War.

Emancipation Proclamation

Issued by President Abraham Lincoln issued on January 1, 1863, this event declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free.

Crittenden’s Proposal (Compromise) 1861

In 1861, an unsuccessful proposal to permanently enshrine slavery in the United States Constitution, and thereby make it unconstitutional for future congresses to end slavery.

Gadsden Purchase

An agreement between the United States and Mexico, finalized in 1854, in which the United States agreed to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico that later became part of Arizona and New Mexico.

Wilmot Proviso

An unsuccessful 1846 proposal in the United States Congress to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War. The conflict over the proposal was one of the major events leading to the American Civil War.

Black Codes

restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War.

Jim Crow Laws

State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. All were enacted in the late 19th and earl 20th centuries by white Democratic

Redeemers/Bourbons/Solid South/New South

Southerners who took over control of the South during the later part of reconstruction.

Freedmen’s Bureau

Was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War.

Plessy v. Ferguson

A landmark 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.

Dred Scott v. Stanford

Case in which it was decided that blacks were not citizens and that Congress could not constitutionally decide whether or not a territory has slavery.

Homestead Act

This was passed by the government in 1860 to give free land to settlers who moved out west and worked on the land for 5 years.

Tenure of Office Act

Andrew Johnson violated this act which led to his impeachment.

13th amendment

Amendment that officially abolishes slavery.

14th amendment

The 1868 amendment to the Constitution of the United States that granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and slaves who had been emancipated after the American Civil War.

15th amendment

Amendment that prohibits the federal government and each state from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude”

Vicksburg

Battle for the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River; capturing it completed the second part of the Northern strategy. The successful ending of this campaign significantly degraded the ability of the Confederacy to maintain its war effort.

Gettysburg

Battle that was the turning point in the Civil War, the Union victory that ended General Robert E. Lee's second and most ambitious invasion of the North.

Antietam

This battle ended the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia's first invasion into the North and led Abraham Lincoln to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.

Appomattox

Robert E. Lee would surrender to Ulysses S. Grant here, effectively ending the U.S. Civil War.

Election of 1860

The South seceded after this event because it was obvious that their vote did not matter, the North was more powerful politically.

Election of 1864

In the midst of the American Civil War, incumbent President Abraham Lincoln easily defeated the Democratic nominee, former General George B. McClellan, by a wide margin of 212-21 in the electoral college, with 55% of the popular vote

Panic of 1869

The Black Friday gold panic of September 24, 1869 was caused by a conspiracy between two investors, Jay Gould, later joined by his partner James Fisk, and Abel Corbin, a small time speculator who had married Virginia (Jennie) Grant, the younger sister of President Ulysses Grant. They formed the Gold Ring to corner the gold market and force up the price of the metal on the New York Gold Exchange. The scandal took place during the Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant.

Panic of 1873

A financial crisis that triggered an economic depression in Europe and North America that lasted from 1873 to 1877. In the United States, the Panic was known as the "Great Depression" until the events of 1929 and the early 1930s set a new standard.

Hayes-Tilden Compromise 1877

This was an informal, unwritten deal, that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election between Hayes and Tilden. It resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South, and formally ended the Reconstruction Era.

Dawes Act

U.S. law in 1887 that divided Native American reservation land into individual plots to encourage assimilation and promote private land ownership.

Plains Indians

• Native American tribes inhabiting the Great Plains region of North America

• Important tribes include the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Comanche

Chief Joseph

leader of plains indians (Nez Perce tribe)

Ghost Dance

Dance the natives did to awaken dead ancestors to help in war

Chinese Exclusion Act

a United States federal law enacted in 1882 that prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers to the country. It was the first major restriction on immigration based on nationality.

Roger B Taney

the guy who passed Dred Scott v Sanford

Austin Manifesto

we wanted to but Cuba

Harpers Ferry

in virginia same thing as John Brown

Fort Sumter

war begins

Confiscation Acts

allowed the federal gov’t to seize property including slaves

Johnson Reconstruction Plan

just acts like he loves the south

1st Reconstruction Act

hunger games south (ykwim)