Ch.10,sec.3_Gene_Linkage_and_Polyploidy

Genetic Recombination

The new combination of genes produced by crossing over and independent assortment.

Gene Linkage

The phenomenon where genes located close to each other on the same chromosome are said to be linked and usually travel together during gamete formation.

Polyploidy

The occurrence of one or more extra sets of all chromosomes in an organism.

Chromosome Maps

Depictions of how genes are arranged on a chromosome, created using crossover data.

Formula for Independent Assortment Combinations

The number of combinations of genes due to independent assortment can be calculated using the formula 2n, where n is the number of chromosome pairs.

Crossing Over

The process where homologous chromosomes exchange segments, leading to genetic variation.

Triploid Organism

An organism designated as 3n, which means it has three complete sets of chromosomes.

Chromosome Pair

A pair of homologous chromosomes that can independently assort during meiosis.

Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment

The principle stating that the alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation.

Crossover Data

Information about the frequency of crossing over between genes, which is used to create chromosome maps.