Cell Functions AP Bio

Nucleus

Genetic control. Holds the DNA. Control center of the cell

Nucleolus

Genetic Control. Makes the ribosomes.

Ribosomes

Genetic Control. React the mRNA and translate it to a polypeptide chain (protein synthesis). Composed of rRNA + protein

Chloroplast

Energy Proccessing. Site of photosynthesis

Mitochondria

Energy processing. Site of cellular respiration

Cell membrane

Support/structure in all cells

Cell Wall

Support/Structure. Protects the plant and maintains its shape.

Cytoplasm

Provides shape to cell. Contains nutrient enzymes

Cytoskeleton

Fibers (proteins). Gives support and allows for movement

Flagella

Allows for movement through water. Is long

Cilia

Allows for movement. Short

Rough ER

Ribosomes on surface. Transports proteins

Smooth ER

No ribosomes on surface. Transports lipids, carbs, ca2+ and detoxifies toxins

Transport vesicles

Moves molecules throughout cell.

Golgi Body

Modifies “fold” proteins/ modification to proteins or lipds.

Lysosomes

Contains digestive enzymes, breaking down and recycling worn-out cell parts, digesting waste materials, and destroying invading viruses and bacteria

Peroxisomes

vessicles that contain digestive properties

Vacuoles

Storage of H2O, food, minerals, pigments, and poisons.